Abstract: As an environmentally friendly，clean and alternative energy，biodiesel has attracted more and more attention in recent years. In this paper，various analysis methods for biodiesel were discussed，such as gas chromatography，liquid chromatography，thermogravimetric analysis，1H NMR ，FTIR and so on. Some analysis methods were verified through experiment．The advantages and disadvantages of various analysis methods are presented．GC and HPLC are suitable for quantitative analysis. TGA has high accuracy. 1H NMR is easy to operate with high accuracy，but it has high cost. FTIR is suitable for qualitative analysis. NIR has low cost，but is less accurate.

Key words: biodiesel, transesterification, gas chromatography, thermogravimetric analysis, 1H NMR

摘要： 生物柴油作为一种可替代石化柴油的清洁能源，已受到人们的广泛关注。本文讨论了国内外对生物柴油的多种分析方法，如气相色谱、液相色谱、热重分析、核磁共振氢谱和傅里叶变换红外光谱等，并对部分分析方法进行了实验验证，总括并比较了多种分析方法的优缺点：气相色谱、液相色谱适用于定量分析；TGA准确度高；1H NMR操作简单、准确，但成本高；FTIR适用于定性；NIR成本低，精确度较差。

关键词: 生物柴油, 酯交换, 气相色谱, 热重分析, 核磁共振氢谱