Abstract: This paper studies the influence of nitric acid on the thermal stabilities of nitrobenzene. The thermal behaviors and chemical thermodynamic parameters of pure nitrobenzene and its mixtures with nitric acid were analyzed by utilizing a CALVET heat flux calorimeter, C80. The chemical reaction kinetic parameters such as activation energy，frequency factor，and heat of reaction were calculated based on C80 experimental data. Based on these parameters and the Semenov thermal explosion theory，the self?accelerating decomposition temperature（SADT）of samples was calculated and compared. A GCT gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrography was used to analyze the thermal decomposition of pure nitrobenzene under high temperature. The thermal decomposition mechanism of nitrobenzene and its mixture with nitric acid was conjectured.

摘要： 借助C80微量量热仪研究硝酸对硝基苯热稳定性的影响特性，获得含有不同浓度硝酸的硝基苯溶液热流速曲线，并据此求解出混合溶液的化学反应动力学和热力学参数，结合Semenov热爆炸模型，计算并比较了硝基苯混合溶液的自加速分解温度（SADT）。采用GCT气相色谱-飞行时间质谱联用仪研究硝基苯在不同温度下的热分解特性，并结合C80实验结果推测了硝基苯的高温热解反应机理以及硝酸杂质对硝基苯热稳定性的影响机理。

关键词: 硝基苯, 硝酸, C80微热量热仪, 热稳定性, 自加速分解温度, 反应机理, Nitrobenzene, Nitric acid, C80 calorimeter, Thermal stability, Self-accelerating decomposition temperature (SADT), Reaction mechanism