Abstract: This paper reviewed the toxicity，source and control methods of heavy metal ions，the progress of heavy metal chelator and composite materials were also introduced. The progress of heavy metal chelating composite materials from macromolecule resin，silicon particles，biomass materials，nanoparticles and mesoporous materials as matrics were analyzed and discussed. The future research directions were proposed as the following: the selection of matrix materials should focus on the sources，price and properties of materials，biomass materials，mesoporous materials and nano-porous materials should be selected with priority; new efficient chelating functional groups should be explored and developed; and the preparation and use of composite material must be pollution free and compatible with environment.

Key words: heavy metal ions, chelation, composites, wastewater treatment

摘要： 重金属离子由于其毒性和不可降解性，严重威胁着人们的生存环境和身体健康，一直是环境污染治理领域研究的重点和难点。本文介绍了重金属离子的危害和来源及处理方法，综述了重金属螯合剂和重金属螯合复合材料的国内外研究现状，分析评述了以高分子树脂、硅胶微粒、生物质、纳米颗粒和多孔介孔材料为基体的重金属螯合复合材料的国内外研究进展状况和存在问题。提出重金属螯合复合材料今后研究方向为：基体材料的选择应重点考虑材料来源、价格和性能，优先选择生物质材料、纳米材料和多孔介料；选择和探索新的高效螯合功能基团；复合材料制备和使用过程中应注意材料与环境的相容性，不产生环境污染。

关键词: 重金属离子, 螯合, 复合材料, 废水处理