Abstract:

Waterborne polyurethane (WUP) is prepared by using polyethylene glycol (PEG) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) as the raw materials, 2,2-bis (hydroxymethyl) propionic acid (DMPA) as the hydrophilic chain extender agent, 1,2-propylene glycol (PDO) as the chain extender, HEA as end-capping reagent and triethylamine (TEA) as the neutralizer. The resin properties are characterized by thermal gravimetric analysis instrument and particle size analyzer. The results show that when the mass fraction of DMPA is 3%—6%, the PU resin has low molecular weight, good water solubility, good heat resistance and suitable particle size. In the preparation of water-based ITO etching ink, PU is the connection material, phosphoric acid or the compound of phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid is the etching agent, kaolin is the filler, defoamer and leveling agent are the additives. The properties of the ink are characterized. The results show that the best ink formula is that the mass fraction of etching agent is 25%—30%, the mass fraction of connection material is 30%—45%, the mass fraction of filler is 30%—45% and the mass fraction of additives is 1%. The best etching process is that the etching temperature of ITO film is 120℃, the etching time is 20 min and the ink-cleaning time is 50 s, while the etching temperature of ITO glass is 150℃, the etching time is 20 min and the ink-cleaning time is 50 s. The particle size distribution of the ink is 10—50 μm, the dehydration rate of the ink is just 1.12%—3.68% after 3 h, and the viscosity and pH of the ink are almost stable after 60 d. The etching ability of the ink does not reduce with increasing time, and the lines' image resolution of screen printing is significantly better than the commercially available water-based ink.

Key words: waterborne polyurethane, indium tin oxide, etching ink, emulsions, size distribution, composites

摘要：

以聚乙二醇(PEG)和异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)为基本原料,2,2-二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)作为亲水扩链剂,经1,2-丙二醇(PDO)扩链后,甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEA)封端,三乙胺(TEA)中和乳化,合成了水性聚氨酯(WPU)乳液;通过热重分析仪、粒径分析仪对树脂性能进行了表征。结果表明,DMPA用量在3%～6%时,可得到分子量低、水溶性好、耐热性能好、粒径合适、乳液均匀稳定的产品。以自制的水性聚氨酯树脂为油墨连结料,磷酸或磷酸与硫酸复合作为蚀刻剂,白陶土作为填充料,添加消泡剂和流平剂,制备了水性ITO蚀刻油墨,得出了油墨的最佳配方,并对油墨进行了一系列的表征。结果表明,最佳的油墨配方是蚀刻剂含量25%～30%、水性连结料含量30%～45%、填充料含量30%～45%、助剂1%。最佳蚀刻工艺为ITO薄膜蚀刻温度为120℃,蚀刻时间20 min,油墨清洗时间50 s;ITO玻璃蚀刻温度为150℃,蚀刻时间20 min,油墨清洗时间40 s。油墨粒径主要分布在10～50 μm之间,其在使用3 h后失水率仅在1.12%～3.68%,且存放60 d后黏度和pH基本无变化,蚀刻能力不随时间推移而降低,且丝网印刷的线路图像解析度明显好于市售的水性油墨。

关键词: 水性聚氨酯, 氧化铟锡, 蚀刻油墨, 乳液, 粒度分布, 复合材料