Numerical simulation of effect of phase change material on temperature distribution in power battery pack of vehicle

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20170803

Abstract

Abstract:

The temperature has a significant effect on electric vehicle lithium-ion battery, i.e., higher temperature will reduce the battery discharge efficiency to accelerate the decay of battery life, while lower temperature will reduce the charging efficiency of battery to shorten the electric vehicle mileage. In order to keep the temperature of the battery in the appropriate temperature range, this paper designed a phase change material management system. The phase change material was wrapped on the outside of the battery, and the influence of phase change material on the temperature field of the battery was studied. The results showed that the latent heat of the phase change material was the most important physical parameter, which directly determined the maximum temperature of the battery pack. The bigger the thermal conductivity of the phase change material, the more uniform the temperature distribution of the battery pack. Compared with pure paraffin, the maximum temperature of the battery pack could be reduced by 2℃ by the phase change material with graphite content of about 25%. In winter, a phase change material heat preservation system made the average temperature of the battery pack 8℃ higher than that without the phase change material.

Key words: lithium-ion batteries, phase change material, numerical simulation, temperature field

摘要：

温度对电动汽车锂离子电池有很重要的影响，电池温度过高时会降低电池的放电效率，加速电池寿命的衰减；冬季环境温度过低会降低电池的充电效率，缩短电动汽车的续航里程。为了使电池温度维持在合适的范围内，设计了动力电池复合相变材料热管理系统。将复合相变材料包裹在电池的外面，研究了相变材料对电池组温度场的影响。研究表明，相变潜热是最重要的物性参数，直接决定着电池组的最高温度。相变材料的热导率越大电池组的温度分布会越均匀。复合相变材料中石墨含量为25%时与纯石蜡相比可将电池组的最高温度降低2℃。在冬季，电池组有相变材料保温时，电池组的平均温度较无相变材料时高8℃。

关键词: 锂离子电池, 相变材料, 数值模拟, 温度场

CLC Number:

TK172.4

WANG Jian, GUO Hang, YE Fang, MA Chongfang. Numerical simulation of effect of phase change material on temperature distribution in power battery pack of vehicle[J]. CIESC Journal, 2018, 69(4): 1611-1619.

王建, 郭航, 叶芳, 马重芳. 相变材料对车用动力电池组内温度分布影响数值模拟[J]. 化工学报, 2018, 69(4): 1611-1619.

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