Abstract:

Bio-inspired interfacial materials are new class of functional materials. The materials with special wettability have emerged as a powerful tool for solving the real-world issues in both researches and applications relating to physics, chemistry, engineering, etc. Within the last decade, the functional interfaces possessing extreme interaction with different fluids has been massively designed and prepared, such as superhydrophobicity, superhydrophilicity, and so on. On the basis of the unique interaction between fluids and solids, these functional interfacial materials offer great opportunity to develop the fluid delivering process, which could open a new way to optimize the current chemical engineering. In this review article, we firstly introduce the basic knowledge of bio-inspired interface materials and the special wetting phenomena in solid/liquid/gas three-phase systems. In the second part, five important applications in field of chemical engineering were reviewed, including heat transfer, multiphase separation, anti-corrosion of reactors and pipes, heterogeneous catalysis, and the directional transport of fluids. The perspective and the current challenge of “how to apply the bio-inspired interface materials” are proposed in the last part.

Key words: bio-inspired materials, special wettability, heat transfer, separation, anti-corrosion, mass transfer

摘要：

仿生特殊浸润性界面材料是一类新兴的功能材料。此类界面材料与特定流体之间存在极致的相互作用，如完全浸润、完全不浸润及可调性浸润等，使其在物理学、化学、工程学、生命科学等学科都发挥出特殊的功能。通过学习自然界具有特殊结构与化学组成的生命体，研究人员可以构筑多种对流体具有排斥、吸引、疏导等作用的特殊浸润界面材料，从而优化目前科研及生产中的流体操控过程。“三传一反”中存在大量的固/液/气多相作用过程，这为仿生特殊浸润界面材料提供了重要的应用场所，同时也对此类材料的设计提出了新的要求。介绍了仿生特殊浸润界面材料在传统化工相关领域的几类应用，包括冷凝换热、多相分离体系、设备防腐防污，非均相催化，以及定向流体传质等方向，并总结仿生特殊浸润界面材料在化工过程中应用的挑战与机遇，对此类界面材料在化工过程中的发展前景进行展望。

关键词: 仿生材料, 特殊浸润性界面, 传热, 分离, 防腐蚀, 传质