Research progress of pervaporation technology for N-methylpyrrolidone recovery in lithium battery production

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20230541

Abstract

Abstract:

N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) is an essential solvent for the production of lithium batteries, and its demand is increasing year by year. However, in the late stage of lithium battery production NMP is produced as exhaust gas, and an effective method is to absorb it with water to form a solution. The recycling of NMP solution generated from lithium battery production process can reduce the cost of lithium battery production and promote the green and sustainable development of lithium industry. Compared with traditional processes such as distillation, the use of pervaporation technology to recycle NMP waste solution has the advantages of low energy consumption, high efficiency and environmental protection. This paper summarizes the advantages and mechanisms of permeation vaporization membrane separation technology, systematically summarizes the pervaporation membrane materials and separation processes used to recycle NMP waste liquid, and points out the corresponding advantages, disadvantages and applicable occasions by comparing the application scope and separation effects of different membrane materials and processes, so as to provide a reasonable reference for the effective utilization of NMP. The challenges of pervaporation technology for NMP recovery are discussed and the prospect of development is given.

Key words: pervaporation, N-methylpyrrolidone, membrane, recovery, separation, permeation flux

摘要：

N-甲基吡咯烷酮（NMP）作为生产锂电池的必备溶剂，需求量逐年攀升。然而在锂电池生产后期NMP以废气形式排出，将会造成环境污染和资源浪费。用水吸收NMP废气形成相应溶液是一种有效的回收方法，进而将NMP溶液回收利用可以降低锂电池生产成本，促进锂电行业绿色可持续发展。相较于蒸馏等传统工艺，采用渗透汽化技术回收NMP废液具有能耗低、高效、环保等优势。从渗透汽化膜分离技术的优势和机理展开，系统总结了用于回收NMP废液的渗透汽化膜材料和分离工艺，通过比较不同膜材料和工艺的应用范围及分离效果，指出了其相应的优缺点和适用场合，为NMP的有效利用提供合理的参考。对渗透汽化技术用于NMP回收面临的挑战进行讨论并对发展前景做出展望。

关键词: 渗透汽化, N-甲基吡咯烷酮, 膜, 回收, 分离, 渗透通量

CLC Number:

TQ 206

Jiayi ZHANG, Jiali HE, Jiangpeng XIE, Jian WANG, Yu ZHAO, Dongqiang ZHANG. Research progress of pervaporation technology for N-methylpyrrolidone recovery in lithium battery production[J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(8): 3203-3215.

张佳怡, 何佳莉, 谢江鹏, 王健, 赵鹬, 张栋强. 渗透汽化技术用于锂电池生产中N-甲基吡咯烷酮回收的研究进展[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(8): 3203-3215.

Figures/Tables 10

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膜类型	进料/%		渗透液/%		通量/(g/(m²·h))	选择性
膜类型	NMP	H₂O	NMP	H₂O	通量/(g/(m²·h))	选择性
15% PEBA-2533	97.12	2.88	37.22	63	41.50	56.96
15% PEBA-2533 + 10% zeolite	97.12	2.88	36.47	64	45.14	58.84
15% PEBA-2533 + 20% zeolite	97.12	2.88	33.28	67	48.64	67.71
15% PEBA-2533 + 30% zeolite	97.12	2.88	38.18	62	50.48	54.68
15% PEBA-2533 + 2% TDI crosslinked for 2 h	97.12	2.88	35.14	65	44.64	62.34
15% PEBA-2533 + 10% zeolite + 2% TDI crosslinked for 2 h	97.12	2.88	35.9	64	49.47	60.3
15% PEBA-2533 + 20% zeolite + 2% TDI crosslinked for 2 h	97.12	2.88	30.75	69	51.74	76.06
15% PEBA-2533 + 30% zeolite + 2% TDI crosslinked for 2 h	97.12	2.88	21.69	78	54.94	121.95

膜类型	进料/%		渗透液/%		通量/(g/(m²·h))	选择性
膜类型	NMP	H₂O	NMP	H₂O	通量/(g/(m²·h))	选择性
15% PEBA-2533	97.12	2.88	37.22	63	41.50	56.96
15% PEBA-2533 + 10% zeolite	97.12	2.88	36.47	64	45.14	58.84
15% PEBA-2533 + 20% zeolite	97.12	2.88	33.28	67	48.64	67.71
15% PEBA-2533 + 30% zeolite	97.12	2.88	38.18	62	50.48	54.68
15% PEBA-2533 + 2% TDI crosslinked for 2 h	97.12	2.88	35.14	65	44.64	62.34
15% PEBA-2533 + 10% zeolite + 2% TDI crosslinked for 2 h	97.12	2.88	35.9	64	49.47	60.3
15% PEBA-2533 + 20% zeolite + 2% TDI crosslinked for 2 h	97.12	2.88	30.75	69	51.74	76.06
15% PEBA-2533 + 30% zeolite + 2% TDI crosslinked for 2 h	97.12	2.88	21.69	78	54.94	121.95

膜类型	进料水含量/%（质量）	温度/ ℃	通量/(kg/(m²·h))	分离因子	文献
polyurethane urea	—	45	0.013	3396	[59]
BTESE	8	130	3.2	1183	[61]
high-silica CHA-type	50	130	36	1100	[62]
PAN hollow fiber	30	70	1.5	—	[63]
poly(ether-block-amide) 2533 + 4A zeolite + TDI	3	30	1.2	180	[64]
chitosan/poly(ether-block-amide) composite (TEOS crosslinked)	1.3	30	0.02	1007	[66]
polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CNT composite membranes	—	80	0.06	3500	[67]
NaA zeolite	0.1	150	0.11	9997	[70,73]

膜类型	进料水含量/%（质量）	温度/ ℃	通量/(kg/(m²·h))	分离因子	文献
polyurethane urea	—	45	0.013	3396	[59]
BTESE	8	130	3.2	1183	[61]
high-silica CHA-type	50	130	36	1100	[62]
PAN hollow fiber	30	70	1.5	—	[63]
poly(ether-block-amide) 2533 + 4A zeolite + TDI	3	30	1.2	180	[64]
chitosan/poly(ether-block-amide) composite (TEOS crosslinked)	1.3	30	0.02	1007	[66]
polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CNT composite membranes	—	80	0.06	3500	[67]
NaA zeolite	0.1	150	0.11	9997	[70,73]

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