Abstract:

To investigate explosion limits parameters of propylene with inert gas dilution, the explosion limits, critical oxygen concentration and minimum oxygen concentration of propylene, with the dilution effect of N₂ and CO₂, were determined by using a standard equipment on basis of GB/T 12474—2008. Furthermore, the explosion triangle diagram of C₃H₆-N₂/CO₂-Air was proposed, and in this way the inertial effect of N₂ and CO₂ on propylene explosion was obtained and analyzed. The results show that the addition of N₂ and CO₂ will reduce the explosion limit of propylene and reduce the risk of explosion. More specifically, the addition of N₂ in 49% would merge the upper and lower explosion limits of propylene which the critical oxygen concentration was 9.79%. While for that of CO₂, the corresponding added volume fraction and the critical oxygen concentration are 34% and 12.94%, respectively. For each propylene at a specific volume fraction, the value minimum oxygen concentration inerted by CO₂ was higher than that of inerted by N₂. Moreover, the explosion triangle diagram shows that the explosive area diluted by CO₂ is much smaller than that diluted by N₂. It takes more less CO₂ in volume to completely inert propylene explosion, compared with N₂.The obtained data can provide fundamental parameters for the prevention of propylene explosion in related industries.

Key words: chemical processes, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, propylene, explosions, limiting parameters, safety

摘要：

为得到惰化条件下丙烯的爆炸极限参数的变化规律，采用标准的可燃性气体爆炸极限测试装置(GB/T 12474—2008)，测试研究了N₂和CO₂对丙烯的爆炸极限、临界氧浓度和最小氧浓度的影响，并绘制了C₃H₆-N₂/CO₂-Air爆炸三角形图，对比分析了N₂和CO₂对丙烯爆炸极限参数的惰化效果。结果表明，添加N₂和CO₂都会缩小丙烯爆炸极限范围，减小爆炸的危险度。N₂惰化条件下，丙烯爆炸上下限重合时N₂添加量为49%，临界氧浓度为9.79%；在CO₂惰化条件下，丙烯爆炸上下限重合时，CO₂的添加量为34%，临界氧浓度为12.94%。在丙烯浓度不变的情况下，发现CO₂惰化氛围下的最小氧浓度值均高于N₂惰化条件下的。两种惰化工况下的丙烯爆炸三角形结果显示，在CO₂惰化的爆炸区域明显小于N₂惰化下的；当添加惰性气体使丙烯处于完全惰化状态时，CO₂的窒息比和添加量均小于N₂。本文的实验数据及结论可为进一步研究丙烯爆炸和工业丙烯安全防爆工作提供理论基础。

关键词: 化学过程, 氮气, 二氧化碳, 丙烯, 爆炸, 极限参数, 安全