Abstract:

Aluminum ash is a hazardous waste, and it will seriously pollute the environment if it is not denitrified. Therefore, a new semi dry hydrolysis denitrogenation technology of aluminum ash was proposed to make aluminum ash in a semi dry alkaline state at high temperature during reaction. The effects of various factors on denitrogenation rate and reaction time were systematically investigated. The results showed that the denitrification effect was the best when the solid-liquid ratio was 1∶0.45. The denitrification rate could be improved by increasing the reaction quality of the sample. The alkaline reaction solution system could effectively shorten the induction period. Grinding pretreatment had a general effect on promoting the hydrolysis reaction. Therefore, the best reaction condition of aluminum ash semi dry hydrolysis denitrification technology was that the reaction solution system was 5%(mass) NaOH, the solid-liquid ratio was 1∶0.45, and the sample mass was greater than 250 g. At this time, the hydrolysis reaction time could be shortened to 50 min, and the denitrification effect was the best, which was obviously superior to the traditional wet denitrification technology, and could effectively solve the problem of aluminum ash waste pollution.

Key words: waste disposal, aluminum ash, hydrolysis, semi dry method, pollution, denitrogenation

摘要：

铝灰属于危险废弃物，若不经过脱氮处理会严重污染环境。为此提出了新型铝灰半干法水解脱氮技术，使铝灰在反应时处于半干的高温碱性状态，并系统考察了各种因素对脱氮率和反应时间的影响。结果表明，固液比为1∶0.45时脱氮效果最好；增加样品反应质量可以提高脱氮率；碱性反应溶液体系可以有效缩短诱导期；研磨预处理对促进水解反应的效果一般。因此铝灰半干法水解脱氮技术的最佳反应条件是反应溶液体系为5%（质量）NaOH，固液比1∶0.45，样品质量大于250 g。此时水解反应时间可缩短至50 min内，脱氮效果最佳，明显优于传统湿法脱氮技术，可以有效解决铝灰废物污染难题。

关键词: 废物处理, 铝灰, 水解, 半干法, 污染, 脱氮