Abstract:

Combined cooling, heating and power(CCHP) is an effective way to improve the efficiency of comprehensive energy utilization. Its system design and operation strategy are usually coupled with each other. Therefore, it is very important to implement the integration and optimization of the cogeneration system. In this model, the optimization objective is minimizing the annual total cost of the system, in which the investment cost and operation cost in the whole life cycle are considered. The characteristic equations of equipment are developed, including gas turbine, waste heat boiler, absorption chiller, etc., and the fixed and dynamic electrical/thermal efficiency of the gas turbine are considered, respectively. In addition, based on three different operation strategies, including following electric load (FEL), following thermal load (FTL), and following hybrid load (FHL), the energy balance equations of cold, heat, and electricity load demand are developed, respectively. The proposed method is applied to the optimal design and operation of the CCHP system for a typical commercial building. The results illustrate that the reasonable and feasible optimal design of the CCHP system could be obtained only through the comprehensive application of FHL strategy, dynamic electrical/thermal efficiency, and annual load characteristic data.

Key words: combined cooling, heating and power system, design, operation, integrated optimization

摘要：

冷热电联供是提高能源综合利用效率的有效途径，其系统设计与运行策略通常相互耦合，因此实施联供系统的集成优化至关重要。本文同时考虑全生命周期内的投资与运行成本，提出以年度总成本最小化为优化目标，结合联供系统中燃气轮机、余热锅炉、吸收式制冷机等设备特性方程，以及针对以电定热、以热定电和混合热电三类典型运行策略，设置了冷、热和电三种负荷需求能量平衡方程，最终构建了包含固定电/热效率和动态电/热效率的联供系统设计与运行集成优化模型。所提方法应用于典型商业楼宇的冷热电联供系统优化设计，结果表明，只有通过综合运用混合热电运行策略、动态电/热效率和全年负荷特性数据，才有望获得合理可行的最优设计方案。

关键词: 冷热电联供, 设计, 运行, 集成优化