基于BP神经网络的玻璃纤维增强塑料腐蚀条件下的寿命预测

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20190299

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通过腐蚀条件下玻璃纤维增强塑料老化前后宏观、微观形貌及力学性能的变化对复合材料使用寿命的影响因素进行分析，分析表明，腐蚀条件下玻璃纤维增强塑料使用寿命受温度、时间和腐蚀介质浓度三种因素影响。结合玻璃纤维增强塑料的弯曲强度保留率建立结构为3-10-1的三层BP神经网络模型对复合材料使用寿命进行预测。通过预测数据和实测数据的对比及误差分析，并随机抽取6组检验数据进行检测，结果表明，所建立的BP神经网络模型得到的预测值与实测值具有较好的拟合度。

关键词: 纤维增强塑料, 寿命预测, 神经网络, 腐蚀, 复合材料

Abstract:

The factors affecting the service life of composites were analyzed by the changes of macroscopic, microscopic and mechanical properties before and after aging of glass fiber reinforced plastics under corrosive conditions. The analysis shows that the service life of fiberglass reinforced plastics under corrosion conditions is affected by three factors of temperature, time and corrosion medium concentration. Based on the bending strength retention rate of composites, a three-layer BP neural network model with a structure of 3-10-1 is used to predict the service life of composites. Through the comparison and error analysis of the forecast data and the measured data, and the random extraction of 6 sets of test data for detection, the results show that the predicted value obtained by BP Neural network model has a good fitting fit with the measured value.

Key words: fiber reinforced plastics, life prediction, neural network, corrosion, composites

中图分类号:

TB 332

王涛, 王俊, 赵迪宇, 刘育建, 侯锐钢. 基于BP神经网络的玻璃纤维增强塑料腐蚀条件下的寿命预测[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(12): 4872-4880.

Tao WANG, Jun WANG, Diyu ZHAO, Yujian LIU, Ruigang HOU. Life prediction of glass fiber reinforced plastics based on BP neural network under corrosion condition[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(12): 4872-4880.

图/表 9

图1 BP神经网络模型结构

Fig.1 BP neural network model structure

图2 不同温度腐蚀条件下材料的外观

Fig.2 Appearance of materials under different temperature corrosion conditions

图3 不同酸浓度腐蚀条件下材料的微观形貌

Fig.3 Microscopic morphology of materials under different acid concentration corrosion conditions

图4 不同酸浓度腐蚀条件下弯曲强度保留率变化曲线

Fig.4 Change curves of bending strength retention rate under different concentration of acid corrosion

图5 不同酸浓度腐蚀条件下玻璃纤维增强塑料弯曲强度保留率随时间、温度变化曲线

Fig.5 Variation curves of flexural strength retention rate of composites with time and temperature under different acid concentration corrosion conditions

表1 低浓度酸腐蚀条件下神经网络预测结果与实测值

Table 1 Prediction results and measured values of neural networks under low concentration acid corrosion

No.	Time/d	Temperature/℃	Acid concentration $/ (m o l · L - 1)$	Predictive	Actual/%	Normalization	Relative error/%
1	0	25	2	1.0852	100.00	1.0000	8.5200
2	1	25	2	0.9979	98.05	0.9701	2.8633
3	3	25	2	1.0185	95.76	0.9352	8.9111
4	7	25	2	0.8758	90.60	0.8563	2.2706
5	14	25	2	0.8830	89.80	0.8441	4.6071
6	21	25	2	0.9103	90.31	0.8520	6.8467
7	90	25	2	0.8744	86.33	0.7911	10.5340
8	180	25	2	0.6320	85.73	0.7820	-19.1824
9	360	25	2	0.7403	85.30	0.7753	-4.5143
10	0	55	2	0.9764	100.00	1.0000	-2.3610
11	1	55	2	0.9353	97.86	0.9673	-3.3083
12	3	55	2	0.9257	95.32	0.9285	-0.2992
13	7	55	2	0.8226	88.94	0.8309	-1.0029
14	14	55	2	0.8050	85.97	0.7856	2.4751
15	21	55	2	0.7986	84.28	0.7597	5.1188
16	60	55	2	0.6584	73.83	0.6001	9.7206
17	90	55	2	0.7251	71.10	0.5584	29.8466
18	180	55	2	0.5093	68.44	0.5177	-1.6097
19	360	55	2	0.3993	61.96	0.4187	-4.6440
20	0	80	2	0.9611	100.00	1.0000	-3.8889
21	1	80	2	0.5951	84.41	0.7618	-21.879
22	3	80	2	0.6647	78.24	0.6674	-0.4162
23	7	80	2	0.5673	72.23	0.5756	-1.4477
24	14	80	2	0.4948	68.21	0.5142	-3.7814
25	21	80	2	0.4491	66.49	0.4880	-7.9697
26	30	80	2	0.5171	64.58	0.4588	12.7147
27	60	80	2	0.4637	59.45	0.3804	8.5200
28	90	80	2	0.3371	55.53	0.3205	2.8633
29	180	80	2	0.2072	47.87	0.2033	8.9111
30	360	80	2	0.0386	40.91	0.0970	2.2706

表1 低浓度酸腐蚀条件下神经网络预测结果与实测值

Table 1 Prediction results and measured values of neural networks under low concentration acid corrosion

No.	Time/d	Temperature/℃	Acid concentration $/ (m o l · L - 1)$	Predictive	Actual/%	Normalization	Relative error/%
1	0	25	2	1.0852	100.00	1.0000	8.5200
2	1	25	2	0.9979	98.05	0.9701	2.8633
3	3	25	2	1.0185	95.76	0.9352	8.9111
4	7	25	2	0.8758	90.60	0.8563	2.2706
5	14	25	2	0.8830	89.80	0.8441	4.6071
6	21	25	2	0.9103	90.31	0.8520	6.8467
7	90	25	2	0.8744	86.33	0.7911	10.5340
8	180	25	2	0.6320	85.73	0.7820	-19.1824
9	360	25	2	0.7403	85.30	0.7753	-4.5143
10	0	55	2	0.9764	100.00	1.0000	-2.3610
11	1	55	2	0.9353	97.86	0.9673	-3.3083
12	3	55	2	0.9257	95.32	0.9285	-0.2992
13	7	55	2	0.8226	88.94	0.8309	-1.0029
14	14	55	2	0.8050	85.97	0.7856	2.4751
15	21	55	2	0.7986	84.28	0.7597	5.1188
16	60	55	2	0.6584	73.83	0.6001	9.7206
17	90	55	2	0.7251	71.10	0.5584	29.8466
18	180	55	2	0.5093	68.44	0.5177	-1.6097
19	360	55	2	0.3993	61.96	0.4187	-4.6440
20	0	80	2	0.9611	100.00	1.0000	-3.8889
21	1	80	2	0.5951	84.41	0.7618	-21.879
22	3	80	2	0.6647	78.24	0.6674	-0.4162
23	7	80	2	0.5673	72.23	0.5756	-1.4477
24	14	80	2	0.4948	68.21	0.5142	-3.7814
25	21	80	2	0.4491	66.49	0.4880	-7.9697
26	30	80	2	0.5171	64.58	0.4588	12.7147
27	60	80	2	0.4637	59.45	0.3804	8.5200
28	90	80	2	0.3371	55.53	0.3205	2.8633
29	180	80	2	0.2072	47.87	0.2033	8.9111
30	360	80	2	0.0386	40.91	0.0970	2.2706

表2 高浓度酸腐蚀条件下神经网络预测结果与实测值

Table 2 Prediction results and measured values of neural networks under the condition of high concentration acid corrosion

No.	Time/d	Temperature/℃	Acid concentration/( $m o l · L - 1$ )	Predictive	Actual/%	Normalization	Relative error/%
1	0	25	7	1.0952	100.00	1.0000	9.5200
2	1	25	7	0.9116	92.40	0.8839	3.1428
3	3	25	7	0.9183	89.20	0.8350	9.9804
4	7	25	7	0.8498	88.90	0.8304	2.3416
5	14	25	7	0.8030	84.56	0.7641	5.0897
6	21	25	7	0.7970	82.90	0.7387	7.8969
7	30	25	7	0.7632	79.05	0.6799	12.2574
8	90	25	7	0.6997	70.53	0.5497	27.2883
9	180	25	7	0.4409	65.70	0.4759	-7.3552
10	360	25	7	0.3636	59.90	0.3872	-6.0972
11	0	55	7	0.9680	100.00	1.0000	-3.2000
12	1	55	7	0.8495	90.33	0.8523	-0.3259
13	3	55	7	0.8342	89.70	0.8426	-0.9890
14	7	55	7	0.6828	80.51	0.7022	-2.7690
15	14	55	7	0.5506	73.14	0.5895	-6.5970
16	21	55	7	0.5210	72.47	0.5793	-10.070
17	60	55	7	0.2904	64.47	0.4571	-36.461
18	90	55	7	0.4428	64.08	0.4511	-1.8474
19	180	55	7	0.3361	55.28	0.3167	6.1404
20	360	55	7	0.2794	50.30	0.2405	16.1678
21	0	80	7	1.1667	100.00	1.0000	16.6667
22	1	80	7	0.7461	83.20	0.7433	0.3737
23	3	80	7	0.7081	80.35	0.6997	1.1909
24	7	80	7	0.6623	76.63	0.6429	3.0246
25	14	80	7	0.4315	65.34	0.4704	-8.2681
26	21	80	7	0.4051	64.89	0.4635	-12.586
27	30	80	7	0.3395	62.23	0.4228	-19.708
28	60	80	7	0.3006	55.32	0.3172	-5.2538
29	180	80	7	0.0759	39.78	0.0798	-4.8751
30	360	80	7	-0.0583	34.56	0	—

表2 高浓度酸腐蚀条件下神经网络预测结果与实测值

Table 2 Prediction results and measured values of neural networks under the condition of high concentration acid corrosion

No.	Time/d	Temperature/℃	Acid concentration/( $m o l · L - 1$ )	Predictive	Actual/%	Normalization	Relative error/%
1	0	25	7	1.0952	100.00	1.0000	9.5200
2	1	25	7	0.9116	92.40	0.8839	3.1428
3	3	25	7	0.9183	89.20	0.8350	9.9804
4	7	25	7	0.8498	88.90	0.8304	2.3416
5	14	25	7	0.8030	84.56	0.7641	5.0897
6	21	25	7	0.7970	82.90	0.7387	7.8969
7	30	25	7	0.7632	79.05	0.6799	12.2574
8	90	25	7	0.6997	70.53	0.5497	27.2883
9	180	25	7	0.4409	65.70	0.4759	-7.3552
10	360	25	7	0.3636	59.90	0.3872	-6.0972
11	0	55	7	0.9680	100.00	1.0000	-3.2000
12	1	55	7	0.8495	90.33	0.8523	-0.3259
13	3	55	7	0.8342	89.70	0.8426	-0.9890
14	7	55	7	0.6828	80.51	0.7022	-2.7690
15	14	55	7	0.5506	73.14	0.5895	-6.5970
16	21	55	7	0.5210	72.47	0.5793	-10.070
17	60	55	7	0.2904	64.47	0.4571	-36.461
18	90	55	7	0.4428	64.08	0.4511	-1.8474
19	180	55	7	0.3361	55.28	0.3167	6.1404
20	360	55	7	0.2794	50.30	0.2405	16.1678
21	0	80	7	1.1667	100.00	1.0000	16.6667
22	1	80	7	0.7461	83.20	0.7433	0.3737
23	3	80	7	0.7081	80.35	0.6997	1.1909
24	7	80	7	0.6623	76.63	0.6429	3.0246
25	14	80	7	0.4315	65.34	0.4704	-8.2681
26	21	80	7	0.4051	64.89	0.4635	-12.586
27	30	80	7	0.3395	62.23	0.4228	-19.708
28	60	80	7	0.3006	55.32	0.3172	-5.2538
29	180	80	7	0.0759	39.78	0.0798	-4.8751
30	360	80	7	-0.0583	34.56	0	—

表3 检验数据神经网络预测结果与实测值

Table 3 Prediction results and measured values of neural networks for test data

Test	Time/d	Temperature/℃	Acid concentration/( $m o l · L - 1$ )	Predictive/%	Actual/%	Relative error/%
1	30	25	2	92.32	90.26	2.28
2	30	55	2	75.39	80.33	-6.15
3	90	80	2	60.32	55.53	8.63
4	60	25	7	73.23	77.43	-5.42
5	30	55	7	70.31	70.97	-0.93
6	90	80	7	38.36	45.54	-15.77

表3 检验数据神经网络预测结果与实测值

Table 3 Prediction results and measured values of neural networks for test data

Test	Time/d	Temperature/℃	Acid concentration/( $m o l · L - 1$ )	Predictive/%	Actual/%	Relative error/%
1	30	25	2	92.32	90.26	2.28
2	30	55	2	75.39	80.33	-6.15
3	90	80	2	60.32	55.53	8.63
4	60	25	7	73.23	77.43	-5.42
5	30	55	7	70.31	70.97	-0.93
6	90	80	7	38.36	45.54	-15.77

图6 检验数据的预测值和实测值对比

Fig.6 Comparison of predictive and actual of test data

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