串并联风冷冰箱性能优化

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20201600

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于一台采用串并联制冷循环的风冷冰箱，以提高冷冻室冷冻能力和降低系统耗电量为目标，采用非共沸混合工质制冷剂，通过试验手段研究并获得了关键参数对系统性能的影响规律。研究结果表明，分别存在最佳充注量和组分浓度的不同组合，使得冰箱耗电量和冷冻室最低温度达到最低，分别为1.51 kW·h/d和-40.7℃。为了进一步降低冰箱能耗，通过试验发现风机电压存在最优值7.5 V，使得冰箱整机耗电量降低10%，达到1.16 kW·h/d。

关键词: 优化设计, 二元混合物, 力学性能

Abstract:

A frost-free air cooled refrigerator with series-parallel refrigeration cycle is studied, and the refrigerating capacity of the refrigerator and energy saving ability is optimized. Also, the influence of optimal charge quantity and optimal mass fraction of zeotropic refrigerant mixture on system performance are analyzed by experimental methods. The results shows that there exist optimal charge quantity and optimal mass fraction of zeotropic refrigerant mixture cause the power consumption and freezing chamber temperature achieve the minimum, which is 1.51 kW·h/d and -40.7℃, respectively. Besides, the experiments data shows that the optimal voltage of the fan fixed in 7.5V can make the power consumption of the refrigerator reduced 10% to 1.16 kW·h/d.

Key words: optimal design, binary mixture, mechanical properties

中图分类号:

TB 657.4

郝刚卫, 刘晔, 晏刚, 鱼剑琳. 串并联风冷冰箱性能优化[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(S1): 178-183.

HAO Gangwei, LIU Ye, YAN Gang, YU Jianlin. Performance optimization of a frost-free air cooled refrigerator with series-parallel refrigeration cycle[J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(S1): 178-183.

图/表 7

图1 试验样机

Fig.1 Structure diagram of experimental prototype

表1 冰箱的温度设置

Table 1 Temperature setting of refrigerator

测试项目	t_r/℃	t_f/℃	t_v/℃
拉低温测试	5	-40	-18
耗电量测试	4	-18	-7

图2 各间室温度变化曲线

Fig.2 Temperature of compartments

表2 不同充注量及配比对应的冷冻间室最低温度

Table 2 Different qualities and components with their corresponding minimum temperature of freezer space

m_c/g	冷冻间最低温度/℃
m_c/g	38%	43%	48%
77	-38.0	-40.6	-40.7
91	-36.3	-38.8	-39.1
105	-30.6	-32.4	-33.8

表3 不同配比下的耗电量结果

Table 3 Different components with their corresponding power consumption of the refrigerator

C/g	Z_R290/%	W/(kW·h/d)	R/%
77	38	1.51	90.7
77	43	1.52	74.1
77	48	1.58	72.4

图3 不同充注量下的耗电量变化

Fig.3 Different qualities with their corresponding power consumption of refrigerator

表4 不同的风机电压对应的参数

Table 4 Different voltages of fan with their corresponding parameters

U/V	P/W	R	W/(kW·h/d)	t_evi/℃	t_evo/℃
6.5	0.65	0.43	1.16	-22.8	-20.6
7.5	0.83	0.54	1.16	-21.7	-19.7
8.5	1.19	0.78	1.18	-21.4	-19.3
9.5	1.52	1.00	1.24	-21.4	-19.2
10.5	1.99	1.31	1.26	-21.3	-19.1
11.5	2.65	1.74	1.29	-21.2	-19.0

参考文献 20

1	唐三湘, 鄢国志, 张树国. 家用电冰箱R600a替代后毛细管与制冷剂充注量的优化[C]//2001年全国空调器、电冰箱(柜)及压缩机学术交流会论文集. 杭州, 2001: 119-121.
	Tang S X, Yan G Z, Zhang S G. The optimization for the capillary and the refrigerant charge quantity after R600a replacement in household refrigerator[C]//The National Air Conditioner, Refrigerator and Compressor Academic Conference. Hangzhou, 2001: 119-121.
2	金听祥, 李冠举, 林崐, 等. 碳氢化合物用于小型制冷装置的研究现状[J]. 制冷与空调, 2011, 11(3): 51-56, 37.
	Jin T X, Li G J, Lin K, et al. Research situation of hydrocarbons applied into small refrigeration devices [J]. Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning, 2011, 11(3): 51-56, 37.
3	Jung D, Kim H J, Kim O. A study on the performance of multi-stage heat pumps using mixtures [J]. International Journal of Refrigeration, 1999, 22(5): 402-413.
4	Kang Y T, Kunugi Y, Kashiwagi T. Review of advanced absorption cycles: performance improvement and temperature lift enhancement [J]. International Journal of Refrigeration, 2000, 23(5): 388-401.
5	余鹏飞, 张小松. 非共沸混合工质实现变蒸发温度制冷性能的理论研究[J]. 建筑科学, 2014, 30(12): 75-79.
	Yu P F, Zhang X S. Theoretical study on the variable evaporating temperature refrigeration performance of non-azeotropic refrigerant mixtures [J]. Building Science, 2014, 30(12): 75-79.
6	余鹏飞, 张小松, 刘剑, 等. R236fa/R32混合制冷剂变浓度制冷系统的性能研究[J]. 建筑科学, 2016, 32(12): 167-172.
	Yu P F, Zhang X S, Liu J, et al. Study on performance of variable composition refrigerating system with R236fa/R32 mixed refrigerant [J]. Building Science, 2016, 32(12): 167-172.
7	Tashtoush B, Tahat M, Shudeifat M A. Experimental study of new refrigerant mixtures to replace R12 in domestic refrigerators [J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2002, 22(5): 495-506.
8	王勤. 混合工质节流制冷机的理论与试验研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2002.
	Wang Q. Theoretical and experimental study on J-T refrigerator with mixed refrigerant [D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University, 2002.
9	Lee M Y, Lee D Y, Kim Y. Performance characteristics of a small-capacity directly cooled refrigerator using R290/R600a (55/45) [J]. International Journal of Refrigeration, 2008, 31(4): 734-741.
10	Rasti M, Hatamipour M S, Aghamiri S F, et al. Enhancement of domestic refrigerator's energy efficiency index using a hydrocarbon mixture refrigerant [J]. Measurement, 2012, 45(7): 1807-1813.
11	D'Angelo J V H, Aute V, Radermacher R. Performance evaluation of a vapor injection refrigeration system using mixture refrigerant R290/R600a [J]. International Journal of Refrigeration, 2016, 65: 194-208.
12	Gill J, Singh J. Energy analysis of vapor compression refrigeration system using mixture of R134a and LPG as refrigerant [J]. International Journal of Refrigeration, 2017, 84: 287-299.
13	Nawaz K, Shen B, Elatar A, et al. R290 (propane) and R600a (isobutane) as natural refrigerants for residential heat pump water heaters [J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2017, 127: 870-883.
14	Shaik S V, Babu T P A. Theoretical performance investigation of vapour compression refrigeration system using HFC and HC refrigerant mixtures as alternatives to replace R22 [J]. Energy Procedia, 2017, 109: 235-242.
15	Tzabar N. Binary mixed-refrigerants for steady cooling temperatures between 80 K and 150 K with Joule-Thomson cryocoolers [J]. Cryogenics, 2014, 64: 70-76.
16	Pang W Q, Liu J P, Xu X W. A strategy to optimize the charge amount of the mixed refrigerant for the Joule-Thomson cooler [J]. International Journal of Refrigeration, 2016, 69: 466-479.
17	Chen Q, Zhou L, Yan G, et al. Theoretical investigation on the performance of a modified refrigeration cycle with R170/R290 for freezers application [J]. International Journal of Refrigeration, 2019, 104: 282-290.
18	Maytal B Z, Nellis G F, Klein S A, et al. Elevated-pressure mixed-coolants Joule-Thomson cryocooling [J]. Cryogenics, 2006, 46(1): 55-67.
19	Naer V, Rozhentsev A. Application of hydrocarbon mixtures in small refrigerating and cryogenic machines [J]. International Journal of Refrigeration, 2002, 25(6): 836-847.
20	Moffat R J. Describing the uncertainties in experimental results [J]. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 1988, 1(1): 3-17.

[1]	陈哲文, 魏俊杰, 张玉明. 超临界水煤气化耦合SOFC发电系统集成及其能量转化机制[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(9): 3888-3902.
[2]	齐聪, 丁子, 余杰, 汤茂清, 梁林. 基于选择吸收纳米薄膜的太阳能温差发电特性研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(9): 3921-3930.
[3]	徐文杰, 贾献峰, 王际童, 乔文明, 凌立成, 王任平, 余子舰, 张寅旭. 有机硅/酚醛杂化气凝胶的制备和性能研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(8): 3572-3583.
[4]	文兆伦, 李沛睿, 张忠林, 杜晓, 侯起旺, 刘叶刚, 郝晓刚, 官国清. 基于自热再生的隔壁塔深冷空分工艺设计及优化[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(7): 2988-2998.
[5]	刘杰, 吴立盛, 李锦锦, 罗正鸿, 周寅宁. 含乙烯基胺酯键聚醚类可逆交联聚合物的制备及性能研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(7): 3051-3057.
[6]	杨琴, 秦传鉴, 李明梓, 杨文晶, 赵卫杰, 刘虎. 用于柔性传感的双形状记忆MXene基水凝胶的制备及性能研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(6): 2699-2707.
[7]	江锦波, 彭新, 许文烜, 门日秀, 刘畅, 彭旭东. 泵出型螺旋槽油气密封泄漏特性及参数影响研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(6): 2538-2554.
[8]	孙永尧, 高秋英, 曾文广, 王佳铭, 陈艺飞, 周永哲, 贺高红, 阮雪华. 面向含氮油田伴生气提质利用的膜耦合分离工艺设计优化[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(5): 2034-2045.
[9]	刘尚豪, 贾胜坤, 罗祎青, 袁希钢. 基于梯度提升决策树的三组元精馏流程结构最优化[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(5): 2075-2087.
[10]	周必茂, 许世森, 王肖肖, 刘刚, 李小宇, 任永强, 谭厚章. 烧嘴偏转角度对气化炉渣层分布特性的影响[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(5): 1939-1949.
[11]	王泽栋, 石至平, 刘丽艳. 考虑气泡非均匀耗散的矩形反应器声流场数值模拟及结构优化[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(5): 1965-1973.
[12]	许文烜, 江锦波, 彭新, 门日秀, 刘畅, 彭旭东. 宽速域三种典型型槽油气密封泄漏与成膜特性对比研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(4): 1660-1679.
[13]	李纪元, 李金旺, 周刘伟. 不同扰流结构冷板传热性能研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(4): 1474-1488.
[14]	刘海芹, 李博文, 凌喆, 刘亮, 俞娟, 范一民, 勇强. 羟基-炔点击化学改性半乳甘露聚糖薄膜的制备及性能研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(3): 1370-1378.
[15]	王帅, 杨富凯, 徐新宇. 阻燃型全生物基多元醇聚氨酯泡沫的制备及性能研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(3): 1399-1408.