化工学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 73 ›› Issue (6): 2722-2731.doi: 10.11949/0438-1157.20220120

• 催化、动力学与反应器 • 上一篇    下一篇

从质量流向漏斗流转变过程中的动力学分析

杨晖1(),李宏泽1,陈泉1,郑泽希2,李然1,3,孙其诚4()   

  1. 1.上海理工大学光电信息与计算机工程学院，上海 200093
    2.上海理工大学机械工程学院，上海 200093
    3.上海理工 大学医疗器械与食品学院，上海 200093
    4.清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室，北京 100084
  • 收稿日期:2022-01-20 修回日期:2022-04-09 出版日期:2022-06-05 发布日期:2022-06-30
  • 通讯作者: 孙其诚 E-mail:yanghui@usst.edu.cn;qcsun@tsinghua.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:杨晖（1981—），男，博士，教授，yanghui@usst.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(91634202);上海市自然科学基金项目(20ZR1438800)

Dynamics of the transition of mass flow to funnel flow in a silo

Hui YANG1(),Hongze LI1,Quan CHEN1,Zexi ZHENG2,Ran LI1,3,Qicheng SUN4()   

  1. 1.School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
    2.School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
    3.School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
    4.State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
  • Received:2022-01-20 Revised:2022-04-09 Published:2022-06-05 Online:2022-06-30
  • Contact: Qicheng SUN E-mail:yanghui@usst.edu.cn;qcsun@tsinghua.edu.cn

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摘要：

球床模块式高温气冷堆的堆芯是全陶瓷型包覆铀燃料制成的球形颗粒，与石墨颗粒混合堆积而成，堆芯颗粒流的流态取决于颗粒尺度的平移、旋转等动力学量，以及力链、涡旋等介尺度物理量。为了分析颗粒的平移、旋转等动力学量对颗粒流流态的影响。基于筒仓颗粒流的物理模型，首先开展了筒仓颗粒流流变过程的实验测量，并使用基于 Hertz-Mindlin和 RVD （relative velocity dependent）滚动摩擦接触模型的离散单元法 （distinct element method， DEM），研究了锥形筒仓颗粒流流变过程中球形颗粒的动力学量。进一步，基于DEM计算结果进行分析，发现筒仓自上而下呈现出质量流向漏斗流过渡的混合流状态。在筒仓混合流的不同流型区域中，平移速度和旋转速度之间的相关性是相反的；颗粒间的相对切向运动较大的区域集中在漏斗流区域与边壁区域。了解筒仓流变过程中颗粒的动力学特征，有助于优化筒仓颗粒流动，并减少颗粒表面的磨损。

关键词: 颗粒流, 离散元模拟, 筒仓, 颗粒动力学

Abstract:

The flow of fuel element spheres in the pebble-bed high temperature reactor (HTR) is a typical granular flow. A mixed flow including mass flow and funnel flow can be found during HTR operation. Particle scale dynamics and mesoscale dynamics control the flow states and their transitions. In this work, we focus on analyzing the effects of particle translation, rotation and other dynamic quantities in physical model of the silo flow. We firstly carried out the experimental measurement of the rheological process of the silo particle, and used the discrete element method based on the Hertz-Mindlin and RVD (relative velocity dependent) rolling friction contact model. The kinetic quantities of spherical particles in the rheological process of particles in a conical silo were studied. Further, based on the analysis of DEM calculation results, it is found that the silo presents a mixed flow state of transition from mass flow to funnel flow from top to bottom. In the different flow pattern regions of the silo mixed flow, the correlation between the translational speed and the rotational speed is opposite; the regions with larger relative tangential motion between particles are concentrated in the funnel flow region and the side wall region. Understanding the dynamics of particles during silo rheology can help optimize silo particle flow and reduce particle surface wear.

Key words: granular flow, discrete element modeling, silo, granular kinetics

中图分类号: 

  • TQ 028.8

图1

堆芯颗粒流中的多尺度结构"

图2

筒仓及初始床层的几何结构以及单颗粒的运动"

表1

模拟仿真中的物理参数及其值"

位置参数符号/单位数值
颗粒密度ρp/(kg/m3)1400
杨氏模量Ep/Pa2.84×109
泊松比ν0.35
边壁密度ρw/(kg/m3)1180
杨氏模量Ep/Pa4.76×109
泊松比ν0.40
颗粒-颗粒静摩擦因数μp-p0.6
滚动摩擦因数μrp-p4.20×10-5
恢复系数ep0.87
颗粒-边壁静摩擦因数μp-w0.6
滚动摩擦因数μrp-w2.71×10-6
恢复系数ew0.88

图3

筒仓卸料过程中的流型"

图4

卸料过程中的MFI与流型转换高度"

图5

2~6 s内颗粒平均平移速度在空间上的分布"

图6

2~6 s内颗粒平均旋转速度在空间上的分布"

图7

2~6 s内不同流型区域内颗粒间由平移运动和由旋转运动产生的相对切向速度的空间相关性"

图8

2~6 s内颗粒平均滚动贡献率在空间上的分布"

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