高通量-高截留率时间维度膜法水处理机理研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20240257

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

传统固液两相流膜分离技术利用尺寸效应易受到渗透性-选择性权衡的制约、膜污染与浓差极化等挑战。通过引入旋转剪切动态膜技术与施加固液滑移边界条件，利用膜表面颗粒径向穿透膜孔的时间大于切向划过孔径的时间——时间维度选择性，可有效同步提升渗透性和选择性。通过建立滑移边界旋转剪切动态膜过滤模型，对稀悬浮液微滤过程进行有限元模拟仿真，并结合理论分析揭示了滑移速度、膜厚度与孔隙率等关键参数对膜分离性能的影响规律。结果表明，对于比颗粒直径大1~10倍的膜孔径，在时间维度选择性与流体剪切诱导颗粒迁移的协同作用下，可获取95%以上的微颗粒截留率和350 L/（m²·h）以上的有效水通量。该研究结果进一步验证并拓展了时间维度选择性机理在微米尺度的适用性，并为高通量-高截留率动态膜法水处理技术提供了新思路。

关键词: 水处理, 膜, 过滤, 固液两相流分离, 时间维度选择性, 计算流体力学

Abstract:

Traditional solid-liquid two-phase membrane separation technology, which utilizes size effects, is easily constrained by the trade-off between permeability and selectivity, membrane fouling and concentration polarization. By introducing rotating shear dynamic membrane technology and applying solid-liquid slip boundary conditions, the time difference between particles penetrating the membrane pores radially and sliding over the membrane pores tangentially—temporal selectivity, can effectively enhance both permeability and selectivity simultaneously. By establishing a slip boundary rotating shear dynamic filtration membrane model, conducts finite element simulation of its microfiltration process for dilute suspensions, and theoretically revealed the influence of key parameters such as slip velocity, membrane thickness and porosity on membrane separation performance. The results show that for membrane pore diameters that are 1—10 times larger than the particles, under the synergistic effect of time dimension selectivity and shear-induced migration of particles, there is still a particle selectivity of over 95% and an effective water flux of more than 350 L/(m²·h). This result further verifies and expands the applicability of the temporal selectivity mechanism at the micron scale, and provides a new idea for high permeability-selectivity dynamic membrane water treatment technology.

Key words: water treatment, membranes, filtration, solid-liquid two-phase separation, temporal selectivity, computational fluid dynamics

中图分类号:

TQ 028.8

周文轩, 刘珍, 张福建, 张忠强. 高通量-高截留率时间维度膜法水处理机理研究[J]. 化工学报, 2024, 75(7): 2583-2593.

Wenxuan ZHOU, Zhen LIU, Fujian ZHANG, Zhongqiang ZHANG. Mechanism of water treatment by high permeability-selectivity time dimension membrane method[J]. CIESC Journal, 2024, 75(7): 2583-2593.

图/表 7

图1 旋转剪切动态膜过滤模型及网格划分

Fig.1 Rotating shear dynamic membrane filtration model and meshing

图2 环隙Couette滑移流模型

Fig.2 Annular Couette slip flow model

图3 旋转剪切动态膜模型的滤液通量及颗粒截留率

Fig.3 Flux and particle selectivity of rotating shear dynamic membrane model

图4 环隙颗粒浓度径向分布

Fig.4 Particle concentration along radial distribution of annular

图5 单胞模型中颗粒的运动特征

Fig.5 Motion characteristics of particles in cell model

图6 膜表面颗粒穿孔行为模型示意图

Fig.6 Schematic diagram of particle behavior model on membrane surface

图7 膜厚度及孔隙率参数对膜过滤性能的影响

Fig.7 Impact of thickness and porosity parameters on membrane filtration performance

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