• •
收稿日期:
2024-01-18
修回日期:
2024-04-24
出版日期:
2024-04-24
通讯作者:
潘艳秋
作者简介:
霍宗伟(1999—),男,硕士研究生,hzw_dut0402@163.com
基金资助:
Zongwei HUO(), Yabin NIU, Yanqiu PAN()
Received:
2024-01-18
Revised:
2024-04-24
Online:
2024-04-24
Contact:
Yanqiu PAN
摘要:
膜法分离油田采出废水中的重油组分是膜污染的重要影响因素,且不同膜分离条件下膜面附近的复杂油滴行为直接影响膜分离效果,于是研究膜面附近的高黏度油滴行为十分必要。基于实际油田采出废水物性数据的实验测定结果,采用耗散粒子动力学(DPD)方法结合高黏度油滴轨迹和油滴间相互作用能结果对油滴行为进行细化分析。结果表明,双油滴呈现掠过和聚并两大类行为,又可各分为三个行为阶段:油滴间排液、油滴接触和油滴复稳;双油滴间距和油滴与膜面间距的减小有助于油滴聚并,从而有利于油水分离,且油滴与膜面间距的减小会导致油滴碰撞后的位置更远离膜面;表面活性剂的存在阻碍油滴聚并,不利于油水分离,且离子型表面活性剂因其亲水头间的强排斥力而阻碍作用更强;第3油滴的存在会促进双油滴聚并,有利于油水分离,其促聚并程度受油滴碰撞角的影响。研究结果可为后续的油滴与分离膜相互作用及油水分离效果的研究提供依据,也可为油水膜分离条件的设置和技术优化提供理论支持。
中图分类号:
霍宗伟, 牛亚宾, 潘艳秋. 油水膜分离中高黏度油滴行为研究和影响因素分析[J]. 化工学报, DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20240088.
Zongwei HUO, Yabin NIU, Yanqiu PAN. Behavior of high viscosity oil droplets in oil-water membrane separation and its influencing factors[J]. CIESC Journal, DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20240088.
体系分类 | 自扩散系数/(m2/s) | 动力黏度/(mPa·s) | 界面张力/(mN/m) |
---|---|---|---|
水[ | 2.30×10-9 | 0.89 | — |
油 | 2.02×10-11 | 136.14 | — |
油-水 | — | — | 8.9654 |
油-水-CTAB | — | — | 0.2746 |
油-水-SDS | — | — | 0.3261 |
油-水-SLS | — | — | 1.7496 |
油-水-Tween-80 | — | — | 7.6272 |
表1 物性参数实验测定结果
Table 1 Experimental results of physical property parameters
体系分类 | 自扩散系数/(m2/s) | 动力黏度/(mPa·s) | 界面张力/(mN/m) |
---|---|---|---|
水[ | 2.30×10-9 | 0.89 | — |
油 | 2.02×10-11 | 136.14 | — |
油-水 | — | — | 8.9654 |
油-水-CTAB | — | — | 0.2746 |
油-水-SDS | — | — | 0.3261 |
油-水-SLS | — | — | 1.7496 |
油-水-Tween-80 | — | — | 7.6272 |
名称 | DPD无量纲符号 | DPD无量纲单位 | 实际值 |
---|---|---|---|
质量 | m | 1 | 1.14×10-24 kg |
长度 | rc、x、z… | 1 | 1.5066×10-9 m |
温度 | Θ | 1 (kBT) | 298 K |
能量 | E | 1 (kBT) | 4.1164×10-21 J |
时间 | t | 1 (rc(m/E)1/2) | 25.0266 ps |
速度 | v | 1 (1/(m/E)1/2) | 60.1999 m/s |
剪切速率 | G | 1 (1/t) | 0.03996 ps-1 |
表2 DPD无量纲单位及对应实际值
Table 2 DPD dimensionless units and corresponding actual values
名称 | DPD无量纲符号 | DPD无量纲单位 | 实际值 |
---|---|---|---|
质量 | m | 1 | 1.14×10-24 kg |
长度 | rc、x、z… | 1 | 1.5066×10-9 m |
温度 | Θ | 1 (kBT) | 298 K |
能量 | E | 1 (kBT) | 4.1164×10-21 J |
时间 | t | 1 (rc(m/E)1/2) | 25.0266 ps |
速度 | v | 1 (1/(m/E)1/2) | 60.1999 m/s |
剪切速率 | G | 1 (1/t) | 0.03996 ps-1 |
液相类型 | Nm_par | s | γ | rc |
---|---|---|---|---|
水相 | 4 | 0.25 | 20 | 1.0 |
油相 | 4 | 0.25 | 2650 | 1.0 |
油水相间 | 4 | 0.25 | 39.7 | 1.0 |
表3 DPD模拟参数集结果
Table 3 Results of DPD simulation parameters
液相类型 | Nm_par | s | γ | rc |
---|---|---|---|---|
水相 | 4 | 0.25 | 20 | 1.0 |
油相 | 4 | 0.25 | 2650 | 1.0 |
油水相间 | 4 | 0.25 | 39.7 | 1.0 |
珠子类型 | T-H | T | T-T | O | W | N | NA | S1 | S2 | BR | TIO |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
T-H | 98.85 | ||||||||||
T | 123.97 | 132.10 | |||||||||
T-T | 118.01 | 134.73 | 105.28 | ||||||||
O | 125.59 | 86.69 | 95.60 | 86.20 | |||||||
W | 136.98 | 153.27 | 145.08 | 197.24 | 104.00 | ||||||
N | 49.48 | 130.75 | 29.33 | 126.02 | 8.13 | 265.32 | |||||
NA | 33.78 | 160.55 | 35.40 | 131.10 | 55.69 | 261.00 | 276.54 | ||||
S1 | 31.69 | 145.39 | 56.42 | 145.89 | 36.07 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 239.10 | |||
S2 | 41.82 | 150.08 | 63.15 | 166.39 | 65.43 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 246.92 | 259.00 | ||
BR | 63.96 | 165.04 | 83.17 | 241.39 | 101.53 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 251.53 | 259.31 | 351.76 | |
TIO | 108.18 | 162.72 | 141.61 | 196.84 | 66.70 | 63.80 | 138.58 | 13.02 | 10.59 | 168.58 | 0.00 |
表4 包含珠子间静电相互作用的保守力参数
Table 4 Conservative force parameters including electrostatic interactions between beads
珠子类型 | T-H | T | T-T | O | W | N | NA | S1 | S2 | BR | TIO |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
T-H | 98.85 | ||||||||||
T | 123.97 | 132.10 | |||||||||
T-T | 118.01 | 134.73 | 105.28 | ||||||||
O | 125.59 | 86.69 | 95.60 | 86.20 | |||||||
W | 136.98 | 153.27 | 145.08 | 197.24 | 104.00 | ||||||
N | 49.48 | 130.75 | 29.33 | 126.02 | 8.13 | 265.32 | |||||
NA | 33.78 | 160.55 | 35.40 | 131.10 | 55.69 | 261.00 | 276.54 | ||||
S1 | 31.69 | 145.39 | 56.42 | 145.89 | 36.07 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 239.10 | |||
S2 | 41.82 | 150.08 | 63.15 | 166.39 | 65.43 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 246.92 | 259.00 | ||
BR | 63.96 | 165.04 | 83.17 | 241.39 | 101.53 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 251.53 | 259.31 | 351.76 | |
TIO | 108.18 | 162.72 | 141.61 | 196.84 | 66.70 | 63.80 | 138.58 | 13.02 | 10.59 | 168.58 | 0.00 |
体系分类 | 实验值/(mN/m) | 模拟值/(mN/m) | 相对误差/% |
---|---|---|---|
油-水 | 8.9654 | 9.6743 | 7.91 |
油-水-CTAB | 0.2746 | 0.2539 | 7.54 |
油-水-SDS | 0.3261 | 0.3815 | 16.99 |
油-水-SLS | 1.7496 | 1.6540 | 5.46 |
油-水-Tween-80 | 7.6272 | 6.7254 | 11.82 |
表5 界面张力实验值及模拟值
Table 5 Experimental and simulated results of interfacial tension
体系分类 | 实验值/(mN/m) | 模拟值/(mN/m) | 相对误差/% |
---|---|---|---|
油-水 | 8.9654 | 9.6743 | 7.91 |
油-水-CTAB | 0.2746 | 0.2539 | 7.54 |
油-水-SDS | 0.3261 | 0.3815 | 16.99 |
油-水-SLS | 1.7496 | 1.6540 | 5.46 |
油-水-Tween-80 | 7.6272 | 6.7254 | 11.82 |
图3 膜面附近剪切流下双、三油滴体系物理模型示意图
Fig.3 Schematic diagram of the physical model of double and triple oil droplet system under shear flow near the membrane surface
OD3位置 | θ12/° | θ23/° | 中间行为 | 影响阶段 | 区域和易聚并程度 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
三油滴对照组 | 25.36 | 30.28 | OD2-OD3先排液、先碰撞 | (Ⅰ)油滴间排液阶段 | A(++①) | ||
Δz32_0改变 | 0.9R1 | 30.34 | 27.74 | OD1-OD2先排液, OD2-OD3先碰撞 | A(+++) | ||
0.8R1 | 30.68 | 20.97 | B(+) | ||||
0.7R1 | 39.28 | 19.29 | OD1-OD2碰撞前中程时OD2-OD3碰撞 | (Ⅱ-1)油滴碰撞阶段 | A(++) | ||
Δx32_0改变 | -5.25R1 | 39.01 | 28.59 | A(++++) | |||
-5.50R1 | 55.31 | 20.84 | A(+++) | ||||
-5.75R1 | 81.14 | 18.87 | OD1-OD2碰撞后程时OD2-OD3碰撞 | (Ⅱ-2)油滴逃离阶段 | B(+) | ||
-6.00R1 | 93.82 | 18.35 | B(+) |
表6 Δz32_0和Δx32_0改变时的油滴行为结果
Table 6 Oil droplet behavior results when Δz32_0 and Δx32_0 change
OD3位置 | θ12/° | θ23/° | 中间行为 | 影响阶段 | 区域和易聚并程度 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
三油滴对照组 | 25.36 | 30.28 | OD2-OD3先排液、先碰撞 | (Ⅰ)油滴间排液阶段 | A(++①) | ||
Δz32_0改变 | 0.9R1 | 30.34 | 27.74 | OD1-OD2先排液, OD2-OD3先碰撞 | A(+++) | ||
0.8R1 | 30.68 | 20.97 | B(+) | ||||
0.7R1 | 39.28 | 19.29 | OD1-OD2碰撞前中程时OD2-OD3碰撞 | (Ⅱ-1)油滴碰撞阶段 | A(++) | ||
Δx32_0改变 | -5.25R1 | 39.01 | 28.59 | A(++++) | |||
-5.50R1 | 55.31 | 20.84 | A(+++) | ||||
-5.75R1 | 81.14 | 18.87 | OD1-OD2碰撞后程时OD2-OD3碰撞 | (Ⅱ-2)油滴逃离阶段 | B(+) | ||
-6.00R1 | 93.82 | 18.35 | B(+) |
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