微反应器内气液磺化反应收率和能耗建模及多目标优化

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20240357

化工学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 75 ›› Issue (10): 3681-3690.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20240357

微反应器内气液磺化反应收率和能耗建模及多目标优化

于嘉朋¹(), 徐娜¹(), 张玮¹(), 康清源¹, 张鸿¹, 秦睦轩¹, 方嘉宾²

^1.太原理工大学化学工程与技术学院，化学产品工程山西省重点实验室，山西太原 030024
^2.西安交通大学化学工程与技术学院，西安市一碳化合物生物转化技术重点实验室，陕西西安 710049

收稿日期:2024-04-01 修回日期:2024-05-27 出版日期:2024-10-25 发布日期:2024-11-04
通讯作者: 徐娜,张玮
作者简介:于嘉朋（1999—），男，硕士研究生，1017707327@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(22178241);化学工程联合国家重点实验室开放课题(SKL-ChE-21A01);西安市一碳化合物生物转化技术重点实验室开放课题

Modeling and multi-objective optimization of yield and energy consumption of gas-liquid sulfonation reaction in microreactor

Jiapeng YU¹(), Na XU¹(), Wei ZHANG¹(), Qingyuan KANG¹, Hong ZHANG¹, Muxuan QIN¹, Jiabin FANG²

^1.Shanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Product Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
^2.Xi’an Laboratory of Carbon Compound Bioconversion Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, Shaanxi, China

Received:2024-04-01 Revised:2024-05-27 Online:2024-10-25 Published:2024-11-04
Contact: Na XU, Wei ZHANG

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

气液微磺化技术因其安全、高效、低成本，是一种极具发展潜力的新型磺化方法。但由于磺化反应体系高黏的特点，在小尺寸通道内流动时压降非常大，显著提高微反应器能耗，实现微反应器高效热质传递性能与气液磺化反应体系高压降之间的优化调控对气液微磺化技术的实际推广应用具有重要意义。通过实验测试研究了气液微磺化反应过程的压降特性及各影响因素的作用机制，并基于量纲分析法建立了4种不同结构微反应器的气液磺化收率与能耗预测模型。为了实现高产率和低能耗，采用改进的NSGA-Ⅱ算法优化影响磺化产物收率和反应过程能耗的关键工艺参数。其中C-ES（十字形混合区+含膨胀单元的直通道反应区）型微反应器内，在气速为6.422 m/s、液速为0.0147 m/s、反应时间为91.464 min条件下，收率达到89.771%，能耗仅1.609 kW/t，证明C-ES型微反应器有效传质效率高，在低能耗下能显著强化气液两相传质性能。以上研究可为以高收率、低能耗为目标的微反应器结构设计及操作条件优化提供理论依据。

关键词: 微反应器, 气液磺化, 磺化收率模型, 能耗预测模型, 多目标优化

Abstract:

Gas-liquid microsulfonation technology is a new sulfonation method with great development potential because of its safety, efficiency, and low cost. However, due to the high viscosity of the sulfonation reaction system, the pressure drop is huge when flowing in small-sized channels, which significantly increases the energy consumption of the microreactor. Therefore, realizing the optimal regulation between the efficient heat and mass transfer performance of the microreactor and the high-pressure drop of the gas-liquid sulfonation reaction system is vital for the practical promotion and application of the gas-liquid microsulfonation technology. In this paper, the pressure drop characteristics of the gas-liquid microsulfonation reaction process and the role mechanisms of the influencing factors were investigated through experimental tests, and the prediction models of the gas-liquid sulfonation yield and energy consumption of four different structures of microreactors were established based on the method of magnitude analysis. In order to achieve high yield and low energy consumption, the improved NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm was used to optimize the critical process parameters affecting the yield of sulfonation products and energy consumption of the reaction process. The C-ES (cross-shaped mixing zone + through-channel reaction zone with expansion unit) type microreactor achieved 89.771% yield and only 1.609 kW/t energy consumption at a gas velocity of 6.422 m/s, a liquid velocity of 0.0147 m/s, and a reaction time of 91.464 min, which demonstrated that the C-ES microreactor has high effective mass transfer efficiency and can significantly enhance the mass transfer between gas and liquid phases at low energy consumption. It proves that the C-ES microreactor has high effective mass transfer efficiency and can enhance the gas-liquid two-phase mass transfer with low energy consumption. The above study provides a theoretical basis for the design of microreactor structure and optimization of operating conditions aiming at high yield and low energy consumption.

Key words: microreactor, gas-liquid sulfonation, sulfonation yield model, energy consumption prediction model, multi-objective optimization

中图分类号:

TQ 031.2

于嘉朋, 徐娜, 张玮, 康清源, 张鸿, 秦睦轩, 方嘉宾. 微反应器内气液磺化反应收率和能耗建模及多目标优化[J]. 化工学报, 2024, 75(10): 3681-3690.

Jiapeng YU, Na XU, Wei ZHANG, Qingyuan KANG, Hong ZHANG, Muxuan QIN, Jiabin FANG. Modeling and multi-objective optimization of yield and energy consumption of gas-liquid sulfonation reaction in microreactor[J]. CIESC Journal, 2024, 75(10): 3681-3690.

图/表 11

图1 气液微磺化反应装置

Fig.1 Gas-liquid microsulfonation reaction device

图2 实验所得气液两相流速对压降的影响

Fig.2 Effect of experimentally obtained gas-liquid two-phase flow rates on pressure drop

图3 实验所得气液两相流速对MESA产量的影响

Fig.3 Effect of experimentally obtained gas-liquid two-phase flow rates on MESA yield

表1 模型的统计学评价

Table 1 Statistical evaluation of model

R²	F	P
0.9912	753.7714	908839×10^-21

图4 模型的实验评价

Fig.4 Experimental evaluation of model

图5 气液两相流速对有效传质效率的影响

Fig.5 Effect of gas-liquid two-phase flow rate on effective mass transfer efficiency

表2 4个模型的统计学评价

Table 2 Statistical evaluation of four models

模型	R²	F	P
T-S	0.8898	110.4042	1.1296×10^-19
C-S	0.9087	135.9961	2.4413×10^-21
CT-S	0.9087	135.984	2.4453×10^-21
C-ES	0.8746	95.3154	1.5988×10^-18

图6 4个模型的实验评价

Fig.6 Experimental evaluation of four models

表3 气液微磺化反应工艺条件的变动范围

Table 3 Range of variation of process conditions for gas-liquid microsulfonation reactions

工艺条件	最低值	最高值
气速v_g /(m/s)	6.4	25.6
液速v_l /(m/s)	0.0051	0.0151
反应时间t/min	50	150

表4 气液微磺化反应工艺条件的Pareto解

Table 4 Pareto solution for gas-liquid microsulfonation reaction process conditions

微反应器	气速 v_g/(m/s)	液速 v_l /(m/s)	反应时间 t/min	MESA 质量分数X/%	能耗 Φ/(kW/t)
T-S	6.402	0.0140	124.145	76.759	2.431
C-S	6.425	0.0150	119.078	76.242	1.384
CT-S	6.411	0.0145	115.456	80.150	2.461
C-ES	6.422	0.0147	91.464	88.882	1.593

表5 实验验证结果

Table 5 Experimental validation results

微反应器	气速 v_g/(m/s)	液速 v_l /(m/s)	反应时间 t/min	MESA质量分数 X/%	能耗预测值 Φ_pre/(kW/t)	能耗实验值 Φ_exp/(kW/t)
T-S	6.402	0.0140	124.145	77.527	2.431	2.479
C-S	6.425	0.0150	119.078	77.767	1.384	1.398
CT-S	6.411	0.0145	115.456	81.753	2.461	2.510
C-ES	6.422	0.0147	91.464	89.771	1.593	1.609

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微反应器内气液磺化反应收率和能耗建模及多目标优化

Modeling and multi-objective optimization of yield and energy consumption of gas-liquid sulfonation reaction in microreactor

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