入口压力及系统压差对气体输送系统流量的影响

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20241102

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

使用气体输送系统进行实验过程中时常会出现实际流量发生偏差的现象，并且不同入口压力和系统压差下其偏差值大小不同，一定情况下会影响实验结果的准确性，可通过误差预测对实验结果进行修正。以氮气输送系统为例，通过改变入口压力、压差和流量大小与范围并测量实际流量，进行误差分析和预测。研究结果表明，系统压差对流量控制的影响较小，而入口压力的增大需要配合背压阀的使用从而提高系统的精度，因此可以增加入口压力使偏差值更小。同时，根据理论推导和实验结果提出了普适的误差值与流量值的预测模型，可准确预测实际流量，为气体输送系统的误差分析与精准控制提供了新思路。

关键词: 气体, 气力输送, 测量, 质量流量计, 误差分析, 流量控制

Abstract:

During the experiment using the gas delivery system, the actual flow rate often deviates, and the deviation value is different under different inlet pressures and system pressure differences, which will affect the accuracy of the experimental results in certain cases. The experimental results can be corrected by error prediction. This research uses a nitrogen conveying system to analyze and predict errors by varying the inlet pressure, differential pressure, and flow rate value and range and measuring the actual flow rate. It is shown that the system differential pressure has less effect on the flow control. And the increase of inlet pressure needs to be used with the back pressure valve thus improving the accuracy of the system, so the inlet pressure can be increased to make the deviation value smaller. Meanwhile, a universal prediction model of error value and flow rate value is proposed based on the theoretical derivation and experimental results, which can accurately predict the actual flow rate, and provides a new idea for the error analysis and precise control of a gas conveying system.

Key words: gas, pneumatic conveying, measurement, mass flow meters, error analysis, flow control

中图分类号:

TQ 021.1

汪涵, 朱春英, 马友光, 付涛涛. 入口压力及系统压差对气体输送系统流量的影响[J]. 化工学报, 2025, 76(2): 596-611.

Han WANG, Chunying ZHU, Youguang MA, Taotao FU. Effect of inlet pressure and differential pressure on flow rate of gas conveying system[J]. CIESC Journal, 2025, 76(2): 596-611.

图/表 16

图1 实验流程图

Fig.1 Experimental flow chart

图2 质量流量控制器内部结构

Fig.2 Internal structure of the mass flow controller

图3 流量控制过程

Fig.3 Process of flow control

图4 流量设定值与实际值（MFC-1）

Fig.4 Flow rate set values and actual values （MFC-1）

图5 各条件流量曲线对比（MFC-1）

Fig.5 Comparison of flow rate curves for each condition（MFC-1）

图6 流量设定值与实际值（MFC-2, 0~50 ml·min-1）

Fig.6 Set and actual values of the flow rate（MFC-2, 0—50 ml·min-1）

图7 流量设定值与实际值（MFC-2, 0~500 ml·min-1）

Fig.7 Set and actual values of the flow rate（MFC-2, 0—500 ml·min-1）

图8 各条件流量曲线对比（MFC-2）

Fig.8 Comparison of flow rate curves for each condition （MFC-2）

图9 流量设定值与实际值（0~50 ml·min-1）

Fig.9 Set and actual values of the flow rate（0—50 ml·min-1）

图10 MFC-1支路内绝对误差和相对误差随入口压力的变化规律（虚线代表17.00%）

Fig.10 Variation of absolute deviation and relative deviation with inlet pressure within the MFC-1 branch(the dashed line represents 17.00%)

图11 MFC-1支路内绝对误差和相对误差随系统压差的变化规律

Fig.11 Variation of absolute deviation and relative deviation with system differential pressure within the MFC-1 branch

图12 不同条件下MFC-1支路内绝对误差和实际流量的预测

Fig.12 Prediction of absolute deviation and actual flow rate within the MFC-1 branch for different conditions

图13 不同条件下实际流量和绝对误差随设定流量的变化

Fig.13 Variation of actual flow rate and absolute deviation with set flow rate under different conditions

图14 MFC-2支路内绝对误差和相对误差随入口压力的变化规律[(b)、(d)、(f)中虚线分别代表15.03%、14.59%、15.16%]

Fig.14 Variation of absolute deviation and relative deviation with inlet pressure within the MFC-2 branch[the dashed lines in (b),(d),(f) represent 15.03%, 14.59%, and 15.16%, respectively]

图15 MFC-2支路内绝对误差和相对误差随系统压差的变化规律

Fig.15 Variation of absolute deviation and relative deviation with system differential pressure within the MFC-2 branch

图16 不同条件下MFC-2支路内绝对误差和实际流量的预测

Fig.16 Prediction of absolute deviation and actual flow rate within the MFC-2 branch for different conditions

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