三元体系AlCl3+CaCl2+H2O，AlCl3+FeCl3+H2O和CaCl2+FeCl3+H2O在35℃时的相平衡

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20161758

化工学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 68 ›› Issue (7): 2653-2659.DOI: 10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20161758

三元体系AlCl₃+CaCl₂+H₂O，AlCl₃+FeCl₃+H₂O和CaCl₂+FeCl₃+H₂O在35℃时的相平衡

袁梦霞, 乔秀臣

华东理工大学资源与环境工程学院, 上海 200237

收稿日期:2016-12-15 修回日期:2017-02-15 出版日期:2017-07-05 发布日期:2017-07-05
通讯作者: 乔秀臣
基金资助:
国家高技术研究发展计划项目（2011AA06A102）；国家自然科学基金项目（21176082）。

Phase equilibria of AlCl₃+CaCl₂+H₂O, AlCl₃+FeCl₃+H₂O and CaCl₂+FeCl₃+H₂O ternary systems at 35℃

YUAN Mengxia, QIAO Xiuchen

School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China

Received:2016-12-15 Revised:2017-02-15 Online:2017-07-05 Published:2017-07-05
Contact: 10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20161758
Supported by:
supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(2011AA06A102) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21176082).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

缺少含AlCl₃、CaCl₂和FeCl₃的溶液相平衡，使通过蒸发结晶从粉煤灰盐酸浸取液中制备纯净的AlCl₃·6H₂O变得比较困难。采用等温溶解法研究了三元体系AlCl₃+CaCl₂+H₂O，AlCl₃+FeCl₃+H₂O和CaCl₂+FeCl₃+H₂O在35℃时的相平衡关系，测定了相应的溶解度及密度，并绘制了相应相图及密度-组成图。实验结果表明：三元体系AlCl₃+CaCl₂+H₂O和AlCl₃+FeCl₃+H₂O分别有两条溶解度曲线，两个单盐结晶区，无复盐和共溶体产生，同离子效应导致增加溶液中CaCl₂和FeCl₃浓度会有效降低AlCl₃的溶解度；CaCl₂+FeCl₃+H₂O体系会形成复盐CaCl₂·2FeCl₃·7H₂O；所得35℃相图与25℃相图相比，三元体系AlCl₃+CaCl₂+H₂O和AlCl₃+FeCl₃+H₂O中AlCl₃·6H₂O结晶区增大，CaCl₂·6H₂O结晶区转变成CaCl₂·4H₂O结晶区，CaCl₂+FeCl₃+H₂O体系中CaCl₂·2FeCl₃·8H₂O结晶区转变为CaCl₂·2FeCl₃·7H₂O结晶区。

关键词: 相平衡, 溶解度, 结晶, 氯化铝, 氯化钙, 氯化铁

Abstract:

It is difficult to prepare pure AlCl₃·6H₂O through evaporation crystallization in aluminum recovery from leaching coal fly ash by hydrochloric acid, without phase equilibria diagram for AlCl₃, CaCl₂ and FeCl₃ solution. The phase equilibria of AlCl₃+CaCl₂+H₂O, AlCl₃+FeCl₃+H₂O and CaCl₂+ FeCl₃+H₂O ternary systems at 35℃ were investigated using isothermal dissolution method. After solubility and densities were measured, phase diagram and density diagram were plotted against compositions. The phase diagrams of AlCl₃+CaCl₂+H₂O and AlCl₃+FeCl₃+H₂O had two univariant curves and two crystallization zones without formation of double salt or solid solution. Solubility of AlCl₃ decreased with increasing concentration of CaCl₂ or FeCl₃ due to common ion effect. Double salt CaCl₂·2FeCl₃·7H₂O was formed in CaCl₂+FeCl₃+H₂O ternary system. When temperature was increased from 25℃ to 35℃, phase equilibria diagrams of AlCl₃+CaCl₂+H₂O, AlCl₃+FeCl₃+H₂O and CaCl₂+FeCl₃+H₂O were all changed. Crystallization zone of AlCl₃·6H₂O in AlCl₃+CaCl₂+H₂O and AlCl₃+FeCl₃+H₂O ternary systems was enlarged and crystallization zone of CaCl₂·6H₂O was converted into crystallization zone of CaCl₂·4H₂O. Crystallization zone of CaCl₂·2FeCl₃·8H₂O in CaCl₂+FeCl₃+H₂O ternary system was converted into crystallization zone of CaCl₂·2FeCl₃·7H₂O.

Key words: phase equilibria, solubility, crystallization, aluminum chloride, calcium chloride, ferric chloride

中图分类号:

TQ013.1

袁梦霞, 乔秀臣. 三元体系AlCl₃+CaCl₂+H₂O，AlCl₃+FeCl₃+H₂O和CaCl₂+FeCl₃+H₂O在35℃时的相平衡[J]. 化工学报, 2017, 68(7): 2653-2659.

YUAN Mengxia, QIAO Xiuchen. Phase equilibria of AlCl₃+CaCl₂+H₂O, AlCl₃+FeCl₃+H₂O and CaCl₂+FeCl₃+H₂O ternary systems at 35℃[J]. CIESC Journal, 2017, 68(7): 2653-2659.

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三元体系AlCl₃+CaCl₂+H₂O，AlCl₃+FeCl₃+H₂O和CaCl₂+FeCl₃+H₂O在35℃时的相平衡

Phase equilibria of AlCl₃+CaCl₂+H₂O, AlCl₃+FeCl₃+H₂O and CaCl₂+FeCl₃+H₂O ternary systems at 35℃

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