基于有序微造型的圆弧线槽干气密封性能分析

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20180820

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于激光技术的干气密封开槽方法，提出在圆弧线槽干气密封（A-DGS）槽底开设粗糙度量级的有序微造型，以提高开槽效率、降低成本。采用有限体积法对无微造型圆弧线槽干气密封进行仿真分析，通过与现有文献对比验证了仿真方法的正确性；对微造型结构进行分析和筛选，获得偏移迎风侧与偏移背风侧结构对密封性能影响基本无差，本研究基于偏移背风侧微造型结构进行深入研究；与无微造型圆弧线槽进行对比，分析了不同几何参数和工况参数下的开启力和泄漏量变化情况；最后对各参数的影响程度进行对比分析。结果表明：同工况下，具微造型圆弧线槽干气密封（MA-DGS）的开启力较A-DGS有一定提升，在低速高压及小槽深时提升效果最好；微造型深度和微造型宽间比对干气密封开启力的影响在给定情况下甚于膜厚与转速的影响；密封端面槽型结构优化参数不受槽底微造型设计的影响；基于Taguchi实验设计方法，可以便捷准确地获得不同影响因子的影响程度，帮助工程设计。

关键词: 干气密封, 圆弧线槽, 有序微造型, Taguchi设计方法, 开启性能

Abstract:

Based on the dry gas sealing and grooving method of laser technology, it is proposed to establish an orderly micro-shape of roughness level at the bottom of the circular arc groove dry gas seal (A-DGS) to improve the grooving efficiency and reduce the cost. Simulation based on the finite volume method was validated by comparing with other researches. After analyzing and filtering, it can be known there is little difference of seal performance between the windward micro-structure and leeward micro-structure, and then the opening force and leakage with different geometry and operation parameters of A-DGS based on the leeward-structure was studied, and the influence degree of all parameters was finally obtained and analyzed by a design of experiment based on Taguchi approach. The results show that the opening force is improved by orderly micro-structure, especially under low speed, high pressure and small groove depth conditions. Under given conditions, the influence of ratio of micro-structure depth and width on the opening force is greater than the film thickness and speed. The optimal parameters of arc groove structure are not affected by the micro-structure design. Based on Taguchi approach, the influence degree of different impact factors could be easily and accurately obtained, which is helpful for engineering design.

Key words: dry gas seal, arc groove, orderly micro-structure, Taguchi approach, opening performance

中图分类号:

TH 117

胡琼, 王衍, 戴嵘, 孙见君, 郑小清. 基于有序微造型的圆弧线槽干气密封性能分析[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(3): 1006-1015.

Qiong HU, Yan WANG, Rong DAI, Jianjun SUN, Xiaoqing ZHENG. Performance study of arc groove dry gas seal based on orderly micro-structure[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(3): 1006-1015.

图/表 23

图1 槽底粗糙面三维轮廓图

Fig.1 Three dimensional schematic diagram of rough surface

图2 有序微造型示意图

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of orderly micro structure

图3 MA-DGS几何结构

Fig.3 Schematic diagram of MA-DGS

图4 有序造型

Fig.4 Schematic diagram of orderly structure

图5 网格划分

Fig.5 Mesh generation

图6 边界条件

Fig.6 Boundary conditions

表1 开启性能对比

Table 1 Comparison of opening performance

Film thickness δ/μm	Opening force F_o/kN
Film thickness δ/μm	Ref.[26]	Ref.[27]	Calculation	Error 1/%	Error 2/%
2.03	40.71	35.17	37.09	8.89	5.46
3.05	33.17	31.50	33.02	0.45	4.83
5.08	29.57	29.37	30.16	2.60	2.69

图7 A-DGS与S-DGS开启性能对比

Fig.7 Comparison of A-DGS and S-DGS opening performance

表2 仿真参数

Table 2 Parameters of simulation

Parameter	Value
r_o/mm	80
r_g/mm	70
r_m/mm	75
r_i/mm	60
λ	1
h_g/μm	2—10取整数
δ/μm	2—10取整数
medium	air
p_o/MPa	0.1/0.5/1/2/3/4
p_i/MPa	0.1013
N/(r·min^-1)	3000/6000/10000/15000/20000/30000
N_g	10

表3 微造型优选值

Table 3 Preferred values of micro structure

Geometric parameter	Range of preferred value
B_m/mm	0.1/0.2/0.3/0.4/0.5/0.6/0.7/0.8
ε/μm	0.5/0.6/0.7/0.8/0.9/1.0/1.1/1.2/1.3
C_m/mm	0.1/0.2/0.3/0.4/0.5/0.6/0.7/0.8
γ	1

图8 微造型结构

Fig.8 Micro structure types

表4 不同微造型结构性能对比

Table 4 Performance comparisons of different micro structures(po=2 MPa, δ=2 μm, hg=4 μm)

Rotation speed, N/(r·min^-1)	Opening force, F_o/kN		Leakage rate,Q/(m³·h^-1)
Rotation speed, N/(r·min^-1)	Windward	Leeward	Windward	Leeward
3000	13.58	13.57	0.0102	0.0102
6000	14.38	14.36	0.0112	0.0111
10000	15.45	15.42	0.0124	0.0124
15000	16.79	16.75	0.0140	0.0139
20000	18.13	18.08	0.0155	0.0155
30000	20.81	20.74	0.0186	0.0186
40000	23.49	23.41	0.0217	0.0217

图9 不同膜厚下MA-DGS端面压力分布云图/Pa

Fig.9 Pressure distribution under different film thicknesses/Pa

表5 性能参数比较

Table 5 Performance parameters for comparison(po=2 MPa, hg=4 μm)

δ/μm	F_o/kN			Q/(m³·h^-1)
δ/μm	A-DGS	MA-DGS	Deviation/%	A-DGS	MA-DGS	Deviation/%
2	15.53	15.57	0.26	0.0122	0.0124	1.64
3	13.6	13.71	0.81	0.0337	0.035	3.86
5	12.06	12.27	1.74	0.128	0.1339	4.61

图10 微造型结构参数对密封性能影响规律

Fig.10 Effect of micro-structure parameters on sealing performance(po=2 MPa, δ=2 μm, hg=4 μm)

图11 不同转速下性能对比

Fig.11 Performance under different rotational speeds(po=2 MPa, δ=3 μm, hg=4 μm)

图12 不同介质压力下性能对比

Fig.12 Performance under different pressures(N=10000 r·min-1, δ=3 μm, hg=4 μm)

图13 不同膜厚下性能对比

Fig.13 Performance under different film thicknesses(Po=2 MPa, N=10000 r·min-1, hg=4 μm)

图14 不同槽深下性能对比

Fig.14 Performance under different groove depths(po=2 MPa, δ=3 μm, N=10000 r·min-1)

图15 无微造型干气密封参数影响程度对比

Fig.15 Comparison of influence degree of parameters on opening force of A-DGS

图16 具微造型干气密封参数影响程度对比

Fig.16 Comparison of influence degree of parameters on opening force of MA-DGS

表6 参数对A-DGS开启力的影响

Table 6 Influence of parameters on A-DGS opening force/kN

Level	Pressure p_o	Rotation N	Film thickness δ	Groove depth h_g
1	4.39	13.15	14.40	12.52
2	8.41	13.71	12.60	14.84
3	10.86	12.89	13.44	12.66
4	17.59	12.24	13.10	12.51
5	25.15	14.41	12.86	13.87
delta	20.76	2.17	1.80	2.33
rank	1	3	4	2

表7 参数对MA-DGS开启力的影响

Table 7 Influence of parameters on MA-DGS opening force/kN

Level	Pressure p_o	Rotation N	Film thickness δ	Groove depth h_g	Micro depth ε	Micro ratio B_m/C_m
1	4.35	13.17	14.06	11.70	12.18	12.65
2	8.33	13.14	12.14	14.07	12.73	12.19
3	10.97	12.36	12.51	12.18	14.50	12.53
4	17.15	11.93	12.62	12.57	12.61	14.20
5	23.20	13.41	12.67	13.48	11.98	12.44
delta	18.85	1.47	1.91	2.37	2.53	2.01
rank	1	6	5	3	2	4

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