多重效应下超高速干气密封流场模拟及密封性能试验

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20230285

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究重大关键设备中超高速干气密封的气膜流场规律，考虑超高转速产生的湍流效应、惯性效应、真实气体效应、阻塞流效应对气膜流场和密封性能的影响，构建多重效应下湍流计算模型。试验验证理论模型的正确性和有效性，并探索超高速条件下不同工况参数和结构参数对密封性能的影响。研究结果表明：湍流效应下，泄漏率随转速和介质压力的增大而增大；开启力随转速的增大先略微减小后逐渐增大，而随介质压力的增大非线性提升。本实例超高速工况下(50000 r/min、11 MPa)，优化结果表明螺旋角选择16°，槽深则在6~7 μm范围内选择。这为设计和制造超高速干气密封提供了理论支撑。

关键词: 超高速, 干气密封, 湍流效应, 数值模拟, 试验研究

Abstract:

In order to investigate the law of gas film flow field of ultra-high speed dry gas seals in major key equipment, considering the turbulence effect, inertia effect, real gas effect, and choked flow effect caused by ultra-high speed on the gas film flow field and sealing performance, a turbulence calculation model under multiple effects was constructed. The test verifies the correctness and validity of the theoretical model, and explores the influence of different operating conditions and structural parameters on the sealing performance under the ultra-high speed condition. The results show that the leakage rate increases with the increase of rotational speed and medium pressure under the turbulence effect; the opening force decreases slightly with the increase of rotational speed and then gradually increases, while the opening force increases nonlinearly with the increase of medium pressure. In this example, under ultra-high speed working conditions (50000 r/min, 11 MPa), the optimization results show that the spiral angle should be selected as 16°, and the groove depth should be selected in the range of 6—7 μm. This provides theoretical support for the design and manufacture of ultra-high speed dry gas seals.

Key words: ultra-high speed, dry gas seal, turbulence effect, numerical simulation, experimental study

中图分类号:

TH 136

丁俊华, 俞树荣, 王世鹏, 洪先志, 包鑫, 丁雪兴. 多重效应下超高速干气密封流场模拟及密封性能试验[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(5): 2088-2099.

Junhua DING, Shurong YU, Shipeng WANG, Xianzhi HONG, Xin BAO, Xuexing DING. Flow simulation and sealing performance test of ultra-high speed dry gas seal under multiple effects[J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(5): 2088-2099.

图/表 14

图1 超高速干气密封几何模型

Fig.1 Geometric model of ultra-high speed dry gas seal

图2 超高速干气密封数值求解流程图

Fig.2 Flow chart for numerical solution of ultra high speed dry gas seal

图3 密封试验台布置示意图

Fig.3 Layout of sealing test bench

图4 密封试验台实物图

Fig.4 Physical picture of sealing test bench

表1 超高速干气密封结构参数

Table 1 Structural parameters of ultra high speed dry gas seal

参数	数值
密封轴径/mm	35
螺旋槽根径/mm	72
平衡直径/mm	71
槽数/个	12
槽深/μm	6
密封端面外径/mm	91
密封端面内径/mm	66
弹簧力/N	56
螺旋角/(°)	16

图5 泄漏率测试路径示意图

Fig.5 Schematic diagram of the path for leak rate testing

图6 网格无关性验证

Fig.6 Grid-independence verification

图7 模型有效性验证

Fig.7 Model validation

图8 不同工况、结构的压力场分布

Fig.8 Pressure field distribution under different working conditions and structures

表2 压力场模拟计算案例工况及结构参数

Table 2 Working conditions and structural parameters of pressure field simulation calculation cases

案例	转速/（r/min）	介质压力/MPa	螺旋角/（°）	槽深/μm
1	10000	5	16	6
2	50000	11	16	6
3	50000	11	20	6
4	50000	11	16	3

图9 开启力随转速变化趋势

Fig.9 Trend chart of opening force changing with speed

图10 开启力随介质压力变化趋势

Fig.10 Trend chart of opening force changing with medium pressure

图11 螺旋角对密封性能的影响

Fig.11 The influence of spiral angle on sealing performance

图12 螺旋槽深对密封性能的影响

Fig.12 The influence of spiral groove depth on sealing performance

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