关键词: 积炭, 形成机理, 清净分散剂, 进展

Abstract: During the lifetime of an internal engine，carbon deposit forms at various locations，such as combustion chamber，injection nozzle and inlet valve. Engine carbon deposit has serious influences on the engine efficiency，driveability and exhaust emissions. In order to clean up the carbon deposit，gasoline additives have become a necessary part of modern engine fuel. A large number of research literatures suggest that carbon deposit formation has two steps，i.e. initiation and growth；and these processes would be affected by metal surface temperature，fuel composition，injection rate，and many other factors. The use of a particular structure of the organic amines which can be adsorbed on metal surfaces and disperse pectin can clean the extensive carbon deposit. In addition，the composition，the development and the evaluation method of gasoline detergent have been summarized.

Key words: carbon deposit, mechanism of formation, clean dispersant, progress