多级孔硅铝酸盐的结构特性及其除湿性能

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20151792

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用水热法制备出具有深度除湿功能（RH<20%）、高饱和吸附量和中低温快速脱附性能（<100℃）的除湿轮用多级孔硅铝酸盐吸附剂。采用N₂-吸附脱附、XRD、透射电镜、FT-IR和NMR等技术表征吸附剂的微观结构；采用动态水汽吸附分析仪（DVS）测试其吸附-脱附性能。结果发现，通过控制制备前体的微晶温度，可调控吸附剂在中低湿度工况下的除湿性能：微晶温度是通过影响吸附剂微观结构中有序介孔和类微孔结构的比例，来影响吸附剂的深度除湿功能；升高微晶温度会提高吸附剂中类微孔和骨架Al比例从而强化其深度除湿能力，但会显著降低介孔有序度及总孔容，削弱其饱和吸附量及脱附性能；过高的类微孔和骨架Al比例会提高吸附剂的脱附再生温度，增大除湿能耗。

关键词: 硅铝酸盐, 吸附剂, 合成, 多孔介质, 微晶温度, 除湿性能

Abstract:

Hierarchically porous aluminosilicate with high adsorption capacity and fast desorption kinetics was synthesized via hydrothermal method. Samples under different pre-crystallization temperature were synthesized. It was revealed that the excellent performance of adsorbents was attributed to its unusual pore texture. The adsorbents were characterized by N₂ physisorption, XRD, TEM, FT-IR and NMR. The water vapor adsorption-desorption isotherms were measured on a dynamic vapor sorption system (DVS). The results of characterization showed that the adsorbent framework consisted of ordered mesoporous with microporous-like pits. As the pre-crystallization temperature raised, the proportion of microporous-like pits increased and the deep dehumidification performance was improved as more Al substituted in the framework. However, the amount of ordered mesopore and total pore volume decreased, leading to lower saturated adsorption capacity and water-desorbed percent. The hierarchically porous aluminosilicate showed its advantages for rotary dehumidifiers with deep dehumidification performance (relative humidification, RH 15%, 200 mg·g^-1), high saturated adsorption capacity (RH 40%, 400 mg·g^-1) and fast desorption kinetics under low desorption temperature (87℃).

Key words: aluminosilicates, adsorbents, synthesis, porous media, pre-crystallization temperature, dehumidification performance

中图分类号:

TQ028.1⁺5

刘侨, 魏小兰, 丁静, 王维龙, 黄翔, 杨建平. 多级孔硅铝酸盐的结构特性及其除湿性能[J]. 化工学报, 2016, 67(7): 2864-2873.

LIU Qiao, WEI Xiaolan, DING Jing, WANG Weilong, HUANG Xiang, YANG Jianping. Structural property and dehumidification performance of hierarchically porous aluminosilicates[J]. CIESC Journal, 2016, 67(7): 2864-2873.

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