厌氧-限氧SBR处理低C/N生活污水SNDPR启动及N2O释放

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20201916

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以厌氧-限氧方式运行序批式生物反应器（SBR），采用逐步降低进水碳氮比（C/N）方式驯化聚磷菌（PAOs）和聚糖菌（GAOs），启动了低C/N生活污水同步脱氮除磷过程（SNDPR），并考察了SNDPR内PAOs、GAOs间竞争关系及系统脱氮除磷性能过程N₂O释放特性。结果表明，C/N=7.0，SBR限氧段脱氮和除磷效率分别为83.5%和90%以上，N₂O产量为0.54 mg/L；C/N=3.0~3.5，脱氮和除磷效率分别降至60.1%和80.5%，N₂O产量达1.09 mg/L。SBR内不同反应阶段内源物质变化均表现出PAOs-GAOs共存特性。高C/N有利于微生物合成聚-β-羟基烷酸酯（PHA）并促进N₂O还原。C/N降低，SBR内污泥内源物质转化倾向于富集GAOs的降解特性。氨氧化菌（AOB）好氧反硝化过程及GAOs以PHA作为电子供体的内源反硝化过程促进了N₂O的释放。随C/N降低，SBR内污泥平均胞外聚合物（EPS）由43.4 mg/g VSS增至50.5 mg/g VSS，污泥容积指数（SVI）由99 ml/g增至127 ml/g。疏松型EPS（LB-EPS）内，蛋白质（PN）与多糖（PS）之比（PN/PS）随C/N增加而降低，污泥亲水性增加，不利于污泥脱水。

关键词: 碳氮比, 聚磷菌, 聚糖菌, 同步脱氮除磷, N₂O

Abstract:

By gradually reducing the carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio, the phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAOs) and glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs) were acclimated in a sequencing batch with anaerobic-limited oxygen operation mode. The simultaneous nitrification-denitrification and phosphorus removal(SNDPR) process of low C/N ratio domestic wastewater was accomplished. The competition between PAOs and GAOs, as well as the N₂O release at different C/N ratio, was studied. The results showed that the simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) nitrogen removal and phosphorus removal efficiency of SNDPR were 83.5% and over 90% respectively at the C/N ratio of 7.0. The N₂O emission was 0.54 mg/L. The SND and phosphorus removal efficiency decreased to 60.1% and 80.5% respectively at C/N ratio of 3.0—3.5. Meanwhile, the N₂O emission reached 1.09 mg/L and the N₂O yield was 7.68%. The decrease of PHA accumulation, coupled with the increase of denitrification by GAOs, resulted in the higher N₂O emission at the lower C/N ratio of domestic wastewater. The variation of endogenous substance in different stage of SBR showed that PAOs-GAOs coexisted at each C/N ratio. GAOs tended to be enriched in SNDPR with the decreasing of C/N ratio. The extracellular polymer (EPS) increased from 43.4 mg/g VSS to 50.5mg/g VSS and the sludge volume index(SVI) increased from 99 ml/g to 127 ml/g with the decrease of C/N ratio. In loose EPS (LB-EPS), the ratio of protein (PN) to polysaccharide (PS) (PN/PS) decreases as C/N increases, and the hydrophilicity of sludge increases, which is not conducive to sludge dewatering.

Key words: carbon to nitrogen ratio, phosphorous accumulating organisms (PAOs), glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs), simultaneous nitrification and denitrification phosphorous removal process(SNDPR), N₂O

中图分类号:

X 703.1

巩有奎, 罗佩云, 孙洪伟. 厌氧-限氧SBR处理低C/N生活污水SNDPR启动及N₂O释放[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(8): 4381-4390.

Youkui GONG, Peiyun LUO, Hongwei SUN. The characteristics of SNDPR and N₂O emission in anaerobic-oxygen limited SBR treating low C/N domestic sewage[J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(8): 4381-4390.

图/表 6

图1 试验装置（a）及运行方式（b）

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of the sequence batch reactor (a) and its operation mode (b)

图2 不同C/N下SNDPR长期运行过程氮、磷及有机物变化特性

Fig.2 Long-term of N, P and COD removal performance in SNDPR system under different C/N ratio

图3 不同C/N下SNDPR内源物转化特性

Fig.3 Variation of internal polymers during in SNDPR under different C/N ratio

图4 典型周期SNDPR内氮、磷、有机物、PHA（PHB+PHV）及Gly变化（C/N=3.5∶1）

Fig.4 Typical cycle of the SNDPR at the C/N ratio of about 3.5 (day 176) including N, P, COD, PHA(PHB+PHA), Gly

图5 限氧阶段N2O和NO2-变化特性(C/N分别为3.5和7.0)

Fig.5 Characterics of N2O and NO2- at C/N ratio of 3.5 and 7.0 at limited oxygen concentration

图6 不同C/N条件下SNDPR内EPS、SVI变化（a）和PN、PS变化（b）

Fig.6 Variation of EPS, SVI (a) and PN,PS (b) in SNDPR at different C/N ratio of the influent

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厌氧-限氧SBR处理低C/N生活污水SNDPR启动及N₂O释放

The characteristics of SNDPR and N₂O emission in anaerobic-oxygen limited SBR treating low C/N domestic sewage

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