海藻酸钙纤维非织造布的水凝胶化改性及机理

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20170889

化工学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 69 ›› Issue (4): 1765-1773.DOI: 10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20170889

• 材料化学工程与纳米技术 • 上一篇下一篇

海藻酸钙纤维非织造布的水凝胶化改性及机理

雷明月¹, 颜超¹, 崔莉¹, 张传杰^1,3, 刘云², 王怀芳², 朱平^1,2,3

1. 武汉纺织大学生物质纤维及生态染整湖北省重点实验室, 湖北武汉 430073;
2. 青岛大学纤维新材料及现代纺织国家重点实验室培育基地, 山东青岛 266071;
3. 江南大学生态纺织教育部重点实验室, 江苏无锡 214122

收稿日期:2017-07-11 修回日期:2017-10-25 出版日期:2018-04-05 发布日期:2018-04-05
通讯作者: 张传杰
基金资助:
湖北省教育厅中青年人才项目（Q20151607）。

Gelatinization modification of calcium alginate fibers nonwoven fabrics and mechanism research

LEI Mingyue¹, YAN Chao¹, CUI Li¹, ZHANG Chuanjie^1,3, LIU Yun², WANG Huaifang², ZHU Ping^1,2,3

1. Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-dyeing & Finishing, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, Hubei, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of New Fiber Materials and Modern Textile, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles of Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China

Received:2017-07-11 Revised:2017-10-25 Online:2018-04-05 Published:2018-04-05
Supported by:
supported by the Education Department of Hubei Province(Q20151607).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用HCl水溶液和NaOH乙醇溶液，通过两步法对海藻酸钙纤维针刺非织造布进行水凝胶化改性，研究改性工艺对样品结构与性能的影响，并探究改性机理。结果表明，HCl水溶液的最佳浓度为0.05%～0.1%（质量），NaOH乙醇溶液的最佳浓度为0.008%～0.016%（质量），此时改性样品的遇水凝胶性能最佳，吸水量提高了1.45倍，但厚度、断裂强力等物理性能变化不大。HCl处理破坏了纤维的“egg-box”结构和结晶结构，降低了其结晶度和Ca²⁺含量，但在纤维分子间形成了酯键。NaOH处理使新形成的酯键水解，削弱纤维分子间的作用力，使得大量水分子扩散进入到纤维大分子之间，并通过氢键作用形成三维网络结构，从而转变成凝胶体。

关键词: 海藻酸钙纤维, 非织造布, 凝胶, 生物质, 制备, 化学改性

Abstract:

Calcium alginate fibers nonwoven fabrics which could absorb plenty of water and then transformed into gels were prepared by using two-step chemical modification methods. Calcium alginate fibers nonwoven fabrics were dipped into hydrochloric acid aqueous solution and sodium hydroxide solution using ethanol as the solvent. The comprehensive properties of gels derived from calcium alginate fibers nonwoven fabrics were the best, when concentration of hydrochloric acid solution was 0.05%-0.1%(mass) and concentration of sodium hydroxide solution was 0.008%-0.016%(mass). Under this condition, absorbing water capacity of calcium alginate nonwoven fabrics increased by 1.45 times after being modified chemically, and the ratio of preserving water capacity to absorbing water capacity of calcium alginate nonwoven fabrics increased by 10.67 times after modification. Thickness, mass of per unit area, air permeability and breaking strength of modified calcium alginate nonwoven fabrics changed a little before absorbing water, but the size of modified calcium alginate nonwoven fabrics after absorbing water adequately improved about 3 times. It indicated that the reason for formation of gel was related to structure and properties of calcium alginate fibers but not to fabric texture. At the stage of treatment with hydrochloric acid solution, the formed “egg-box” structure in calcium alginate fibers, and the crystal structure of these fibers were damaged partially and the degree of crystallinity and Ca²⁺ content of these fibers were decreased, but ester bond formed in these fibers. At the stage of treatment with sodium hydroxide solution, the formed ester groups changed into carboxyl groups and hydroxyl groups and intermolecular forces of fibers weakened for this change. Crosslinking degree and intermolecular forces of modified calcium alginate fibers were adjusted to appropriate states, so plenty of water molecules were absorbed by modified calcium alginate fibers and the absorbed water molecules could interact with fibers molecules in the form of hydrogen bond. For these reasons, modified calcium alginate fibers nonwoven fabrics changed into gels as soon as they were put in water.

Key words: calcium alginate fibers, nonwoven fabrics, gels, biomass, preparation, chemical modification

中图分类号:

TQ341

雷明月, 颜超, 崔莉, 张传杰, 刘云, 王怀芳, 朱平. 海藻酸钙纤维非织造布的水凝胶化改性及机理[J]. 化工学报, 2018, 69(4): 1765-1773.

LEI Mingyue, YAN Chao, CUI Li, ZHANG Chuanjie, LIU Yun, WANG Huaifang, ZHU Ping. Gelatinization modification of calcium alginate fibers nonwoven fabrics and mechanism research[J]. CIESC Journal, 2018, 69(4): 1765-1773.

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海藻酸钙纤维非织造布的水凝胶化改性及机理

Gelatinization modification of calcium alginate fibers nonwoven fabrics and mechanism research

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