化工学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 74 ›› Issue (7): 3103-3115.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20230320
吴文涛1(), 褚良永1(), 张玲洁2, 谭伟民3, 沈丽明1, 暴宁钟1()
收稿日期:
2023-04-04
修回日期:
2023-07-05
出版日期:
2023-07-05
发布日期:
2023-08-31
通讯作者:
褚良永,暴宁钟
作者简介:
吴文涛(1997—),男,硕士研究生,202061104097@njtech.edu.cn
基金资助:
Wentao WU1(), Liangyong CHU1(), Lingjie ZHANG2, Weimin TAN3, Liming SHEN1, Ningzhong BAO1()
Received:
2023-04-04
Revised:
2023-07-05
Online:
2023-07-05
Published:
2023-08-31
Contact:
Liangyong CHU, Ningzhong BAO
摘要:
生物基微胶囊的高效制备,对于生物基自愈合涂层的发展意义重大。针对传统石油基表面活性剂无法有效封装腰果酚基树脂及固化剂等愈合剂的难题,报道了以腰果酚基表面活性剂为乳化剂,通过溶剂蒸发法,高效制备聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯为外壳的生物基微胶囊的方法。结合溶剂蒸发法机理,提出了假说解释腰果酚基乳化剂的高效封装机制。通过SEM、TGA、粒径分析等表征方法研究了乳化剂浓度、芯壁比、转速、温度等工艺参数对微胶囊形貌、尺寸、稳定性的影响,确立粒径可控、单分散和规则球形的微胶囊制备工艺。研究表明蒸发温度40℃、芯壁比1∶1时制备的微胶囊具有较好的表面形貌,乳化剂浓度、转速与平均粒径之间存在规律性影响,并且埋植20%(质量)生物基微胶囊的自愈合涂层的愈合效率达到61.25%。报道的基于腰果酚基表面活性剂的生物基微胶囊的高效制备,对于生物基自愈合涂层的开发,推动生物基涂层对石油基的取代,具有指导意义。
中图分类号:
吴文涛, 褚良永, 张玲洁, 谭伟民, 沈丽明, 暴宁钟. 腰果酚生物基自愈合微胶囊的高效制备工艺研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(7): 3103-3115.
Wentao WU, Liangyong CHU, Lingjie ZHANG, Weimin TAN, Liming SHEN, Ningzhong BAO. High-efficient preparation of cardanol-based self-healing microcapsules[J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(7): 3103-3115.
图1 生物基微胶囊E-capsule和Ami-capsule的合成工艺和结构示意图
Fig.1 Schematic diagram of the synthesis process and structure of bio-based microcapsules E-capsule and Ami-capsule
乳化剂 | 原材料类型 | HLB值 | pH |
---|---|---|---|
聚乙烯醇(PVA) | 石油基 | 12.3 | 5.0~7.0 |
十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS) | 石油基 | 15 | 6.0~9.0 |
腰果酚基表面活性剂NSF3007C | 生物基 | 10.8 | 4.0~7.0 |
表1 乳化剂性质
Table 1 The properties of the emulsifier
乳化剂 | 原材料类型 | HLB值 | pH |
---|---|---|---|
聚乙烯醇(PVA) | 石油基 | 12.3 | 5.0~7.0 |
十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS) | 石油基 | 15 | 6.0~9.0 |
腰果酚基表面活性剂NSF3007C | 生物基 | 10.8 | 4.0~7.0 |
序号 | 工艺参数 | 基础水平 | 最终水平 |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 蒸发温度/℃ | 20 | 80 |
2 | 乳化剂浓度/%(质量) | 1 | 5 |
3 | 转速/(r/min) | 2000 | 3500 |
4 | 芯壁比 | 1∶2 | 3∶1 |
表2 影响微胶囊制备的工艺参数
Table 2 Process parameters affecting the preparation of microcapsules
序号 | 工艺参数 | 基础水平 | 最终水平 |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 蒸发温度/℃ | 20 | 80 |
2 | 乳化剂浓度/%(质量) | 1 | 5 |
3 | 转速/(r/min) | 2000 | 3500 |
4 | 芯壁比 | 1∶2 | 3∶1 |
图9 不同搅拌速度下以NSF3007C为乳化剂制备的微胶囊的粒径分布
Fig.9 Particle size distribution of microcapsules prepared with NSF3007C as emulsifier at different stirring speeds
温度/℃ | 质量损失/% | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
芯壁比 | 转速/(r/min) | 乳化剂浓度/%(质量) | |||||||||||
1∶2 | 1∶1 | 2∶1 | 3∶1 | 2000 | 2500 | 3000 | 3500 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |
60 | 1.7 | 0.8 | 1.4 | 0.6 | 1.1 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 1.7 | 1.4 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 6 | 0.7 |
80 | 1.8 | 1.3 | 2.2 | 4.6 | 1.6 | 1.3 | 4.1 | 2.2 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.0 | 11 | 0.9 |
100 | 2 | 1.9 | 4.7 | 5.4 | 3 | 1.9 | 4.9 | 3.4 | 2.4 | 1.9 | 1.4 | 12 | 1 |
120 | 4.5 | 5.7 | 5.6 | 7.1 | 5.3 | 5.7 | 5.8 | 7.3 | 5.7 | 2.8 | 2.1 | 14 | 5 |
表3 溶剂蒸发温度为40℃时不同工艺条件下制备的E-capsule储存12 h的质量损失
Table 3 Mass loss of E-capsule prepared under different process conditions at a solvent evaporation temperature of 40℃ after storage for 12 h
温度/℃ | 质量损失/% | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
芯壁比 | 转速/(r/min) | 乳化剂浓度/%(质量) | |||||||||||
1∶2 | 1∶1 | 2∶1 | 3∶1 | 2000 | 2500 | 3000 | 3500 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |
60 | 1.7 | 0.8 | 1.4 | 0.6 | 1.1 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 1.7 | 1.4 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 6 | 0.7 |
80 | 1.8 | 1.3 | 2.2 | 4.6 | 1.6 | 1.3 | 4.1 | 2.2 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.0 | 11 | 0.9 |
100 | 2 | 1.9 | 4.7 | 5.4 | 3 | 1.9 | 4.9 | 3.4 | 2.4 | 1.9 | 1.4 | 12 | 1 |
120 | 4.5 | 5.7 | 5.6 | 7.1 | 5.3 | 5.7 | 5.8 | 7.3 | 5.7 | 2.8 | 2.1 | 14 | 5 |
温度/℃ | 质量损失/% | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
芯壁比 | 转速/(r/min) | 乳化剂浓度/%(质量) | |||||||||||
1∶2 | 1∶1 | 2∶1 | 3∶1 | 2000 | 2500 | 3000 | 3500 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |
60 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 0.6 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.3 | 4.2 | 0.8 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 0.5 | 3.2 | 1.6 |
80 | 1.3 | 1.7 | 0.7 | 2.4 | 0.9 | 1.3 | 5 | 1 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1 | 4.2 | 2.2 |
100 | 1.4 | 1.7 | 1.2 | 2.6 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 7.1 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 5.6 | 2.2 |
120 | 1.5 | 2 | 5. | 5.7 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 9 | 2.2 | 5.2 | 1.5 | 3 | 9.7 | 4 |
表4 溶剂蒸发温度为40℃时不同工艺条件下制备的Ami-capsule储存12 h的质量损失
Table 4 Mass loss of Ami-capsule prepared under different process conditions at a solvent evaporation temperature of 40℃ after storage for 12 h
温度/℃ | 质量损失/% | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
芯壁比 | 转速/(r/min) | 乳化剂浓度/%(质量) | |||||||||||
1∶2 | 1∶1 | 2∶1 | 3∶1 | 2000 | 2500 | 3000 | 3500 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |
60 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 0.6 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.3 | 4.2 | 0.8 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 0.5 | 3.2 | 1.6 |
80 | 1.3 | 1.7 | 0.7 | 2.4 | 0.9 | 1.3 | 5 | 1 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1 | 4.2 | 2.2 |
100 | 1.4 | 1.7 | 1.2 | 2.6 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 7.1 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 5.6 | 2.2 |
120 | 1.5 | 2 | 5. | 5.7 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 9 | 2.2 | 5.2 | 1.5 | 3 | 9.7 | 4 |
图13 (a)埋植生物基微胶囊的原始和愈合TDCB涂层样品的应力-应变曲线;(b)表面具有“X”划痕的自愈合涂层在3.5%(质量) NaCl溶液下浸泡的Bode曲线;(c)表面被划伤的自愈合涂层的SEM图;(d)表面被划伤的自愈合涂层愈合后的SEM图
Fig.13 (a) Stress-strain curves of original and healed TDCB coating samples embedded with bio-based microcapsules; (b) Bode curves of self-healing coating with “X” scratch on the surface immersed in 3.5%(mass) NaCl solution; (c) SEM image of self-healing coatings with scratched surface; (d) SEM image of the scratched self-healing coating after healing
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