R290/R1234yf与矿物油的互溶性测试及评价方法

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20190354

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

制冷剂与冷冻机油的互溶性直接影响制冷系统的使用寿命和循环性能。为了解决新型制冷剂与冷冻机油的匹配问题，搭建了一套制冷剂与冷冻机油互溶性测试系统，在温度范围223.15~303.15 K内，开展了R290/R1234yf和矿物油的互溶性实验研究。结果表明：在含油率为10%±0.5%的情况下，当R290占混合制冷剂的质量分数在25%～35%变动时，R290/R1234yf和矿物油的临界互溶温度随着R290含量的增加而下降。在测试含油率范围内，基于常见的制冷工况，当R290在溶液中的质量分数高于30%时，溶液将呈现均一透明的状态；R290在溶液中的质量分数低于20%时，溶液将出现絮状物或分层现象。通过元素贡献评价方法，提供了理论临界互溶温度预测方程，并将结果以三元图的方式呈现，对新型环保制冷剂的发展具有现实指导意义。

关键词: R290/R1234yf, 矿物油, 混合物, 互溶性, 溶解, 实验验证, 临界互溶温度

Abstract:

The miscibility of refrigerant and lubricating oil directly affects the service life and cycle performance of refrigeration system. To solve the problem of matching new refrigerant and lubricating oil, a refrigerant and lubricating oil compatibility test system was established. The experimental study on the miscibility of R290/R1234yf and mineral oil was carried out in the temperature range of 223.15—303.15 K. The results show when R290 mass fraction in mixed refrigerant R290/R1234yf changed from 25% to 35% and oil proportion was specified at 10%±0.5%, the critical miscibility temperature of R290/R1234yf and mineral oil decreased with increasing R290. In the test range of oil proportion, based on the common refrigeration conditions, when the mass fraction of R290 in solution changed between 20% and 30%, the critical miscibility temperature was sensitive to the change of components. When the R290 mass fraction in solution was over 30%, the refrigerant/oil solution was believed to be clear and transparent. When the R290 mass fraction in solution was below 20%, the obvious stratification or large flocs would appear. By means of the element contribution evaluation method, the theoretical critical miscibility temperature prediction equation was provided and given in the form of ternary diagram, which has practical guiding significance for the development of new environmental protection refrigerants.

Key words: R290/R1234yf, mineral oil, mixtures, miscibility, dissolution, experimental validation, critical miscibility temperature

中图分类号:

TB 61⁺2

陈裕博, 杨昭, 翟瑞, 冯彪, 吕子建, 赵文仲, 葛滢滢. R290/R1234yf与矿物油的互溶性测试及评价方法[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(9): 3248-3255.

Yubo CHEN, Zhao YANG, Rui ZHAI, Biao FENG, Zijian LYU, Wenzhong ZHAO, Yingying GE. Miscibility measurement and evaluation method of R290/R1234yfwith mineral oil[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(9): 3248-3255.

图/表 9

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Refrigerants and oil	Chemical identifier	Half structural formula	Mass fraction purity/%	Boiling point/℃	Saturated liquid density (15℃)/(kg·m^-3)	Viscosity(40℃)/(mm²·s^-1)	Global warming potential (GWP)
R1234yf	2,3,3,3-tetra-fluoropropene	CH₂=CFCF₃	≥99.9	-29.8	1127.2	0.125	＜1
R290	propane	CH₃CH₂CH₃	≥99.96	-42.2	507.5	0.177	3.3
mineral oil	SUNISO 3GS	—	—	—	909.0	29.5	—

Refrigerants and oil	Chemical identifier	Half structural formula	Mass fraction purity/%	Boiling point/℃	Saturated liquid density (15℃)/(kg·m^-3)	Viscosity(40℃)/(mm²·s^-1)	Global warming potential (GWP)
R1234yf	2,3,3,3-tetra-fluoropropene	CH₂=CFCF₃	≥99.9	-29.8	1127.2	0.125	＜1
R290	propane	CH₃CH₂CH₃	≥99.96	-42.2	507.5	0.177	3.3
mineral oil	SUNISO 3GS	—	—	—	909.0	29.5	—

R290 mass fraction in R290/R1234yf refrigerant/%	Oil rate/%	Critical miscibility temperature/K
24.68	9.75	305.15
25.37	9.67	294.15
25.96	9.60	285.65
26.73	9.85	276.65
27.03	10.27	273.15
28.41	10.07	259.65
29.28	9.51	250.65
30.90	10.13	243.15
33.28	9.81	233.15
34.95	10.25	226.65

R290 mass fraction in R290/R1234yf refrigerant/%	Oil rate/%	Critical miscibility temperature/K
24.68	9.75	305.15
25.37	9.67	294.15
25.96	9.60	285.65
26.73	9.85	276.65
27.03	10.27	273.15
28.41	10.07	259.65
29.28	9.51	250.65
30.90	10.13	243.15
33.28	9.81	233.15
34.95	10.25	226.65

w ₁	w ₂	w ₃	Z	T _CMT/K	T _Cal/K	((T _CMT-T _Cal)/T _CMT)/%
0.0975	0.2227	0.6798	0.6457	301.15	299.14	0.67
0.0985	0.2250	0.6765	0.6431	296.15	296.62	-0.16
0.0967	0.2292	0.6741	0.6391	294.15	291.08	1.04
0.1472	0.2532	0.5996	0.5984	286.65	272.43	4.96
0.0960	0.2346	0.6693	0.6336	285.65	284.69	0.34
0.1020	0.2329	0.6651	0.6338	285.15	288.10	-1.04
0.1059	0.2417	0.6524	0.6234	274.15	279.26	-1.87
0.1495	0.2571	0.5934	0.5934	273.15	268.74	1.62
0.0951	0.2419	0.6630	0.6262	272.65	276.56	-1.44
0.1400	0.2669	0.5931	0.5858	270.15	259.15	4.07
0.1688	0.2484	0.5828	0.5966	269.15	277.77	-3.20
0.2073	0.2674	0.5252	0.5607	264.65	258.27	2.41
0.1107	0.2527	0.6367	0.6104	262.65	268.99	-2.42
0.1535	0.2641	0.5824	0.5843	261.65	262.39	-0.28
0.1386	0.2740	0.5873	0.5786	256.15	252.89	1.27
0.1581	0.2720	0.5698	0.5740	252.65	255.51	-1.13
0.2199	0.2739	0.5062	0.5481	251.15	251.83	-0.27
0.2042	0.2784	0.5174	0.5492	250.15	249.16	0.39
0.1638	0.2818	0.5543	0.5610	248.15	247.47	0.27
0.1830	0.2693	0.5477	0.5679	247.15	257.75	-4.29
0.1922	0.2864	0.5215	0.5449	247.15	243.45	1.50
0.1192	0.2721	0.6087	0.5871	246.15	252.55	-2.60
0.2174	0.2822	0.5004	0.5393	244.65	245.24	-0.24
0.2023	0.2852	0.5125	0.5421	242.65	243.85	-0.49
0.1895	0.2963	0.5142	0.5347	239.65	236.13	1.47
0.1707	0.2937	0.5356	0.5452	239.15	238.37	0.33
0.1346	0.2952	0.5702	0.5573	237.65	236.01	0.69
0.1997	0.2943	0.5060	0.5328	235.15	237.16	-0.85
0.1863	0.3081	0.5056	0.5228	233.15	228.01	2.21
0.2122	0.2994	0.4884	0.5214	231.15	232.74	-0.69
0.1988	0.2926	0.5086	0.5351	230.65	238.46	-3.38
0.1783	0.3066	0.5152	0.5278	230.65	229.17	0.64
0.1984	0.2989	0.5026	0.5280	230.15	233.86	-1.61
0.1840	0.3166	0.4994	0.5142	227.15	222.52	2.04
0.1971	0.3035	0.4993	0.5233	225.15	230.70	-2.46
0.2095	0.3083	0.4822	0.5124	224.65	226.84	-0.98