化工学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 74 ›› Issue (5): 1847-1861.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20230075

• 综述与专论 • 上一篇    下一篇

流体气液临界参数测量方法研究进展

姚晓宇1(), 沈俊1(), 李健1, 李振兴1, 康慧芳1, 唐博2,3,4, 董学强2,3,4(), 公茂琼2,3,4   

  1. 1.北京理工大学机械与车辆学院制冷与低温工程研究所,北京 100081
    2.中国科学院理化技术研究所,北京 100190
    3.低温科学与技术全国重点实验室(筹),北京 100190
    4.中国科学院大学,北京 100039
  • 收稿日期:2023-02-03 修回日期:2023-04-10 出版日期:2023-05-05 发布日期:2023-06-29
  • 通讯作者: 沈俊,董学强
  • 作者简介:姚晓宇(1995—),男,博士后,yaoxiaoyu22@bit.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(52176172);国家自然科学基金联合基金项目(U22B20112);北京市自然科学基金项目(3222031)

Research progress in measurement methods in vapor-liquid critical properties of mixtures

Xiaoyu YAO1(), Jun SHEN1(), Jian LI1, Zhenxing LI1, Huifang KANG1, Bo TANG2,3,4, Xueqiang DONG2,3,4(), Maoqiong GONG2,3,4   

  1. 1.Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenic Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
    2.Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
    3.State Key Laboratory of Cryogenic Science and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
    4.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
  • Received:2023-02-03 Revised:2023-04-10 Online:2023-05-05 Published:2023-06-29
  • Contact: Jun SHEN, Xueqiang DONG

摘要:

近、超临界流体具备优良的输运和热力学性质,可广泛应用于化工、环境、机械和热能利用等领域。由于临界点附近包括流体密度在内的热物性会发生大幅改变,因此准确确定流体的临界点,包括临界温度、临界压力和临界密度数据,对指导热力循环和系统部件设计优化有重要意义。目前实验测量是获取高精度临界参数的最直接方式。本文首先概述了气液临界点理论、临界参数的研究现状及其典型应用场景;其次,综述了目前临界参数主要的测量方法,包括定容法、变容法、流动法、脉冲加热法、密度直线中径定律法、压力-体积-温度(p-V-T)关系法、准静态热分析法和物理性质法等,总结了这些方法的优缺点、适用范围、准确性和主要研究机构;最后,探讨了临界参数测量方法当前面临的挑战和未来发展趋势。

关键词: 临界参数, 热力学性质, 汽液平衡, 混合物, 超临界流体

Abstract:

Near-critical and supercritical fluids have excellent transport and thermodynamic properties and can be widely used in fields such as chemical engineering, environment, machinery, and thermal energy utilization. Since the thermophysical properties including fluid density will change substantially near the critical point, it is of great significance to accurately determine the critical point of the fluid, including critical temperature, critical pressure and critical density data, to guide the optimization of thermodynamic cycle and system component design. Currently, experimental measurement is the most direct way to obtain high-precision critical parameters. This article first outlines the theory of gas-liquid critical points, the current research status of critical parameters, and their typical application scenarios. Secondly, it summarizes the main measurement methods of critical parameters, including constant volume method, variable volume method, flow method, pulse heating method, density line midpoint law method, pressure-volume-temperature (p-V-T) relationship method, quasi-static thermal analysis method, and physical property method. The advantages and disadvantages, scope of application, accuracy and main research institutions of these methods are summarized. Finally, the challenges and future development trends of critical parameter measurement methods are discussed.

Key words: critical parameters, thermodynamic properties, vapor-liquid equilibria, mixtures, supercritical fluid

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