气液搅拌釜多层桨叶相互作用及组合优化

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20241048

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

桨叶是气液搅拌釜最重要的部件之一，其结构和组合形式会显著影响气液分散和传质性能。结合冷模实验和CFD-PBM数值模拟，获取了气液搅拌釜多层桨叶之间的相互作用关系，以及较优的桨叶组合形式。研究结果表明，径向桨作为底桨对气相分散和气泡破碎影响最大，中层轴流桨对底桨的剪切应力影响较小，而顶层轴流桨产生的轴向汇流会减弱中层桨的剪切应力。多层桨的排列组合方式会影响各个桨叶的功率消耗，其中顶层桨对中层桨的功耗影响最显著。HEDT作为底层桨功耗低且气相分散效果好，KYA作为中层桨能强化轴向汇流、减小局部涡流以及进一步破碎气泡，PBT作为顶层桨功耗低且能扩大循环流结构。因此，HEDT+KYA+PBT桨叶组合能平衡功率消耗、气相滞留和气液传质，具有最高的单位功耗气含率和平均容积传质系数，是较优的桨叶组合。研究结果可以为气液搅拌反应釜多层桨叶的设计和优化提供理论指导。

关键词: 气液搅拌釜, 计算流体力学, 多层桨叶, 气液传质, 优化

Abstract:

The impeller is one of the most important components of gas-liquid stirred tank, and its structure and combination significantly affect the gas-liquid dispersion and mass transfer performance. Combining the cold mold experiment and CFD-PBM numerical simulation, the interaction relationship between the multi-layer blades of the gas-liquid stirring tank and the optimal blade combination form were obtained. The research results indicate that the radial impeller, as the bottom impeller, has the greatest impact on gas dispersion and bubble breakage, the middle axial flow impeller has a relatively small effect on the shear stress of the bottom impeller, while the axial convergence generated by the top axial flow impeller would weaken the shear stress of the middle impeller. The arrangement and combination of multiple impellers can affect the power consumption of each impeller, with the top impeller having the most significant impact on the power of the middle impeller. HEDT, as the bottom impeller, has low power consumption and good gas dispersion effect. KYA, as the middle impeller, can enhance axial convergence, reduce local eddies, and further crush bubbles. PBT, as the top impeller, has low power consumption and control large circulation flow structures. The HEDT+KYA+PBT impeller combination balance power consumption, gas phase dispersion, and gas-liquid mass transfer, and has the highest unit power consumption gas holdup and average volumetric mass transfer coefficient, making it the optimal impeller combination. These research results can provide some theoretical guidance for the design and optimization of multiple impellers in gas-liquid stirred tanks.

Key words: gas-liquid stirred tank, computational fluid dynamics, multiple impellers, mass transfer between gas and liquid, optimization

中图分类号:

TQ 027.2

谢楠楠, 陈和, 叶光华, 束忠明, 傅送保, 周兴贵. 气液搅拌釜多层桨叶相互作用及组合优化[J]. 化工学报, 2025, 76(2): 564-575.

Nannan XIE, He CHEN, Guanghua YE, Zhongming SHU, Songbao FU, Xinggui ZHOU. Interaction of multiple impellers for gas-liquid stirred tank and optimization of their combinations[J]. CIESC Journal, 2025, 76(2): 564-575.

图/表 13

图1 气液搅拌釜和桨叶的结构模型

Fig.1 Structural models of the gas-liquid stirred tank and impellers

表1 气液搅拌釜结构参数

Table 1 Structural parameters of gas-liquid stirred tank

T/mm	H/T	C₀/T	C₁/T	C₂/T	C₃/T	D_1~3/T	d/T	W/T	P₀/T	P/T	E/T
500	1.4	0.15	0.1	0.5	0.9	0.4	0.36	0.1	0.3	0.2	0.05

图2 网格结构

Fig.2 Mesh structure

图3 实验与模拟结果比较

Fig.3 Comparison of experimental and simulation results

图4 桨叶周围的迹线（模拟中采用的转速为400 r/min）

Fig.4 Streamlines around the impellers (rotation speed is 400 r/min in the simulations)

图5 桨叶壁面的剪切应力云图（模拟中采用的转速为400 r/min）

Fig.5 Wall shear stress contours of impellers (rotation speed is 400 r/min in the simulations)

图6 桨叶组合形式中各个桨叶功率准数（模拟中采用的转速为400 r/min）

Fig.6 Impeller power number for the impeller combinations (rotation speed is 400 r/min in the simulations)

图7 液相速度分布云图（模拟中采用的转速为400 r/min）

Fig.7 Contours of liquid phase velocity distribution (rotation speed is 400 r/min in the simulations)

图8 气泡尺寸（模拟中采用的转速为400 r/min）

Fig.8 Bubble size (rotation speed is 400 r/min in the simulations)

图9 气含率分布云图（模拟中采用的转速为400 r/min）

Fig.9 Contours of gas holdup distribution (rotation speed is 400 r/min in the simulations)

图10 桨叶组合形式对气含率模拟结果的影响

Fig.10 Influence of impeller combination on the simulation results of gas holdup

图11 容积传质系数分布云图（模拟中采用的转速为400 r/min）

Fig.11 Contours of volumetric mass transfer coefficient distribution (rotation speed is 400 r/min in the simulations)

图12 桨叶组合形式对容积传质系数模拟结果的影响

Fig.12 Influence of impeller combination on the simulation results of volumetric mass transfer coefficient

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