煤与禽类粪便混合燃料的加压富氧燃烧特性研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20250377

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

面向高效低能耗燃煤CO₂捕集、畜禽粪污能源化利用两个重要领域的科学技术发展需求，提出煤与鸡粪加压富氧共燃技术方案。通过基础性实验研究，系统地解析其燃烧行为、CO₂富集、污染物生成排放机制、灰分熔融特性。结果表明，提高燃烧压力导致CO₂生成浓度峰值后移，但总生成量增加，未燃尽碳产物减少。此外，加压对污染物NO和SO₂的减排作用非常显著。随着鸡粪混燃比例M_PL的提高，燃烧总时间显著缩短，起始燃烧时间和CO₂生成浓度峰值对应时间均提前。NO排放量先增加后急剧减少，但NO转化率持续降低。当M_PL=50%时，SO₂转化率最低，而灰分中的硫保留量最高。当M_PL=0和25%时，煤与鸡粪加压富氧共燃灰分的积灰/结渣/团聚倾向均处于中低风险水平。

关键词: 煤燃烧, 生物质, 二氧化碳捕集, 富氧燃烧, 多相反应

Abstract:

In view of the scientific and technological development needs in two important fields, namely, efficient and low-energy coal-fired CO₂ capture and energy utilization of livestock and poultry litter, a pressurized oxy-fuel co-combustion technology of coal and poultry litter is creatively proposed. Through fundamental experimental research, the combustion behavior, CO₂ enrichment, pollutant generation and emission mechanism, and ash melting characteristics were systematically analyzed. The results showed that increasing the combustion pressure led to a backward shift in the peak concentration of CO₂ generation, but an increase in the total CO₂ generation and a decrease in the unburned carbon products. In addition, pressurization had a significant effect on reducing the emissions of pollutants NO and SO₂. With the increase of poultry litter mixing ratio M_PL, the total combustion time was significantly shortened, and the starting combustion time and the corresponding time of peak CO₂ generation concentration were both advanced. The NO emission initially increased and then decreased sharply, but the NO conversion rate continued to decrease. When M_PL=50%, the SO₂ conversion rate was the lowest, while the sulfur retention in ash was the highest. The tendency of ash fouling /slagging/agglomeration from pressurized oxy-fuel co-combustion of coal and poultry litter were at the low-medium risk level when M_PL=0 and 25%.

Key words: coal combustion, biomass, carbon dioxide capture, oxy-fuel combustion, multiphase reaction

中图分类号:

TK 16

刘沁雯, 叶恒冰, 张逸伟, 朱法华, 钟文琪. 煤与禽类粪便混合燃料的加压富氧燃烧特性研究[J]. 化工学报, 2025, 76(7): 3487-3497.

Qinwen LIU, Hengbing YE, Yiwei ZHANG, Fahua ZHU, Wenqi ZHONG. Study on pressurized oxy-fuel co-combustion characteristics of coal and poultry litter[J]. CIESC Journal, 2025, 76(7): 3487-3497.

图/表 16

图1 2020年我国生物质资源量和能源化利用量现状[1]

Fig.1 Status of biomass resources and energy utilization in China in 2020[1]

图2 加压固定床富氧燃烧装置系统

Fig.2 Pressurized fixed bed ox-fuel combustion system

表1 烟煤和鸡粪的元素分析和工业分析结果（空气干燥基）

Table 1 Ultimate analysis and proximate analysis results of bituminous coal and poultry litter （air dried basis）

样品	元素分析/%（质量）					工业分析/%（质量）
样品	C	H	N	S	O	M	A	V	FC
烟煤	70.59	2.45	1.07	1.28	5.68	1.71	17.22	14.80	66.27
鸡粪	31.92	4.77	3.21	0.70	22.77	7.39	29.24	56.40	6.97

表2 烟煤和鸡粪的X射线荧光光谱分析结果

Table 2 X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy analysis results of bituminous coal and poultry litter

样品	含量/%（质量）
样品	Na₂O	MgO	Al₂O₃	SiO₂	SO₃	P₂O₅	Cl	K₂O	CaO	Fe₂O₃
烟煤	0.07	0.29	21.45	32.15	35.67	—	0.37	1.20	2.32	3.52
鸡粪	0.41	1.12	1.73	4.76	5.08	9.49	4.13	20.13	45.38	5.87

图3 烟煤和鸡粪的XPS拟合谱图

Fig.3 XPS fitted spectra of bituminous coal and poultry litter

图4 烟煤和鸡粪在Oxy-30和空气气氛下的热重分析

Fig.4 Thermogravimetric analysis of bituminous coal and poultry litter under Oxy-30 and air atmospheres

图5 不同压力下CO2生成浓度瞬时曲线

Fig.5 Instantaneous curve of CO2 production concentration under different pressures

图6 不同压力下未完全燃烧碳产物

Fig.6 Carbon products of incomplete combustion under different pressures

图7 不同混燃比例下CO2生成浓度瞬时曲线

Fig.7 Instantaneous curves of CO2 generation concentration under different blending ratios

图8 不同混燃比例下CO生成浓度瞬时曲线

Fig.8 Instantaneous curves of CO generation concentration under different blending ratios

图9 不同压力下NO生成浓度瞬时曲线

Fig.9 Instantaneous curves of NO generation concentration under different pressures

图10 不同混燃比例下NO排放

Fig.10 NO emissions under different blending ratios

图11 不同压力下SO2生成浓度瞬时曲线

Fig.11 Instantaneous curves of SO2 generation concentration under different pressures

图12 不同混燃比例下SO2排放

Fig.12 SO2 emissions under different blending ratios

图13 不同混燃比例下灰分矿物相

Fig.13 Ash mineral phases at different mixing ratios

表3 煤与鸡粪加压富氧混燃灰分的积灰/结渣/团聚倾向

Table 3 Tendency of ash fouling /slagging/agglomeration from pressurized oxy-fuel co-combustion of coal and poultry litter

M_PL/%	B/A	F_u	E_Na	S_R	BAI
0	0.05	0.05	0.13	92.41	2.27
25	0.54	3.80	1.12	54.97	1.03
50	3.01	32.41	2.19	19.16	0.42
75	5.15	68.61	2.35	14.02	0.34
100	7.16	79.36	2.48	9.58	0.32

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