Research progress on aromatic hydrocarbons separation from petroleum hydrocarbons

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20241467

Abstract

Abstract:

Driven by the "dual-carbon" strategic goal, oil refining industry is increasingly focusing on refined processing and energy saving, and "molecular refining" technology has emerged as a key strategy for green innovation and high-quality development of the refining industry. Efficient separation of aromatics from petroleum hydrocarbons and providing high-quality raw materials for on-demand processing of aromatics are important technical approaches to realize the concept of "molecular refining". This study offered a comprehensive review of the current status of separation technologies for aromatic and non-aromatic hydrocarbons, as well as between different aromatic hydrocarbons. It further summarized the selection strategy of aromatics separation technology and proposed the main development direction for low-carbon industrialization of aromatics separation. These advancements are crucial for achieving the high-value utilization of aromatics and the sustainable development of the chemical industry

Key words: petroleum hydrocarbon, aromatic hydrocarbon, mixtures, separation, solvents, molecular refining

摘要：

在“双碳”目标推动下，精细化加工和节能降耗成为新趋势，“分子炼油”技术是炼油行业绿色创新和高质量发展的关键。从石油烃中高效分离芳烃，为芳烃按需加工提供优质原料，是实现“分子炼油”理念的重要技术途径。详细介绍了芳烃与非芳烃及芳烃组分间分离技术研究现状，进一步总结了芳烃分离技术选型策略，并提出了芳烃分离低碳工业化主要发展方向，从而实现芳烃高值化利用和化工行业可持续发展。

关键词: 石油烃, 芳烃, 混合物, 分离, 溶剂, 分子炼油

CLC Number:

TQ 028

Liao HE, Jun LI, Mengshu GAO, Dongyang LIU, Yuhao ZHANG, Liang ZHAO, Jinsen GAO, Chunming XU. Research progress on aromatic hydrocarbons separation from petroleum hydrocarbons[J]. CIESC Journal, 2025, 76(5): 1909-1926.

何燎, 李俊, 高梦舒, 刘东阳, 张宇豪, 赵亮, 高金森, 徐春明. 石油烃中芳烃分离技术研究进展[J]. 化工学报, 2025, 76(5): 1909-1926.

Figures/Tables 14

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原料	溶剂	萃取温度/℃	萃取时间/min	剂油比	芳烃纯度/%	芳烃收率/%	文献
糠醛抽出油	糠醛	70	—	3	76.8	58.6	[31]
减二线糠醛抽出油	糠醛	60	—	2	80.6	52.3	[32]
减四线糠醛抽出油	糠醛	70	—	3	76.8	55.1	[32]
重质馏分糠醛抽出油	糠醛	60~90	—	1.5~2	78.7~84.8	—	[33]
重质馏分糠醛抽出油	环丁砜	70	—	3	45.7	—	[33]
FCC柴油	环丁砜	50	5	1.5	93.71	29.29	[34]
FCC柴油	环丁砜	45	5	1.4	99.07	29.87	[35]

原料	溶剂	萃取温度/℃	萃取时间/min	剂油比	芳烃纯度/%	芳烃收率/%	文献
糠醛抽出油	糠醛	70	—	3	76.8	58.6	[31]
减二线糠醛抽出油	糠醛	60	—	2	80.6	52.3	[32]
减四线糠醛抽出油	糠醛	70	—	3	76.8	55.1	[32]
重质馏分糠醛抽出油	糠醛	60~90	—	1.5~2	78.7~84.8	—	[33]
重质馏分糠醛抽出油	环丁砜	70	—	3	45.7	—	[33]
FCC柴油	环丁砜	50	5	1.5	93.71	29.29	[34]
FCC柴油	环丁砜	45	5	1.4	99.07	29.87	[35]

原料	离子液体	温度/℃	芳烃分离性能		文献
原料	离子液体	温度/℃	分配系数	选择性	文献
苯/正己烷	methylpridinium ethylsulphate	25	0.90	26.12	[54]
正丁基苯/正癸烷	1-己基-4-甲基吡啶四氟硼酸盐	40	0.45	49.36	[55]
四氢萘/正癸烷	1-己基-4-甲基吡啶四氟硼酸盐	40	0.75	90.03	[55]
萘/正癸烷	1-己基-4-甲基吡啶四氟硼酸盐	40	5.08	778.50	[55]

原料	离子液体	温度/℃	芳烃分离性能		文献
原料	离子液体	温度/℃	分配系数	选择性	文献
苯/正己烷	methylpridinium ethylsulphate	25	0.90	26.12	[54]
正丁基苯/正癸烷	1-己基-4-甲基吡啶四氟硼酸盐	40	0.45	49.36	[55]
四氢萘/正癸烷	1-己基-4-甲基吡啶四氟硼酸盐	40	0.75	90.03	[55]
萘/正癸烷	1-己基-4-甲基吡啶四氟硼酸盐	40	5.08	778.50	[55]

芳烃碳数	原料	分离技术	分离效率	文献
C₈	间/对二甲苯	常压低温结晶法	98%对二甲苯	[122]
	混合二甲苯	吸附分离	99.5%对二甲苯	[122]
	间/对二甲苯	加压结晶法	99.5%对二甲苯	[123]
	混合二甲苯	蒸馏冷冻结晶法	99.9%对二甲苯	[123]
	对二甲苯/甲苯	熔融结晶	99.52%对二甲苯	[124]
	混合二甲苯	MFI沸石膜分离	对二甲苯/邻二甲苯分离因子为600	[125]
	C₈芳烃异构体	MIL-160膜分离	对二甲苯/邻二甲苯分离因子为38.5	[126]
	C₈芳烃异构体	环糊精纳米薄膜分离	对二甲苯/邻二甲苯分离因子为6.1	[127]
	C₈芳烃异构体	分子印迹聚合物膜分离	对二甲苯/邻二甲苯分离因子为4.24	[128]
	C₈芳烃异构体	MOF-5膜分离	对二甲苯/邻二甲苯分离因子为1.95	[129]
C₉	重整C₉芳烃	偏三甲苯异构化-精馏	>95%均三甲苯	[130]
	富集均三甲苯	烷基化-精馏	>99%均三甲苯	[130]
	C₉芳烃	烷基化-常规精馏	>98%均三甲苯	[131]
	C₉芳烃	萃取精馏-催促精馏	>98%（质量分数）均三甲苯	[132]
	重整C₉芳烃	精馏	>99%偏三甲苯	[130]
	重整C₉芳烃	精密分馏	98.5%偏三甲苯	[133]
	C₉芳烃	双塔双效热集成精馏	98.51%（质量分数）偏三甲苯	[134]
	重整C₉芳烃	差压热耦合精馏	99%（质量分数）偏三甲苯	[135]
	C₉芳烃	精密精馏-深冷结晶	>91%连三甲苯	[136]
	C₉芳烃	萃取精馏	99%（质量分数）连三甲苯	[137]
	C₉芳烃	精密精馏-深冷结晶	>96%茚满	[136]
	重整C₉芳烃	精密分馏	>95%间/邻/对甲乙苯	[138]
C₁₀	C₁₀芳烃	精馏-萃取精馏	≥95%（质量分数）间二乙苯	[139]
	C₁₀芳烃	精馏-萃取精馏	≥90%（质量分数）对二乙苯	[139]
	C₁₀芳烃	熔融结晶	99.06%（质量分数）均四甲苯	[140]
	均四甲苯粗产品	熔融结晶	99%均四甲苯	[141]