Progress in stimuli-responsive smart hydrogels with rapid responsive characteristics

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20151015

Abstract

Abstract:

Stimuli-responsive smart hydrogels have been considered to be highly potential in versatile applications in numerous fields, such as chemical sensors and/or actuators, chemical values, artificial muscle, controlled drug delivery systems and substance separations, for which rapid responsive characteristics are highly desired. Therefore, rapid response to environmental stimuli is critical for the versatility of such smart hydrogels. This review briefly introduces the design and fabrication of stimuli-responsive smart hydrogels with rapid responsive characteristics, including three main types of smart hydrogels designed with different structures, which are open-cell porous structure, comb-type structure, and microsphere-composited structure. This review provides valuable information and guidance for rational design of novel stimuli-responsive smart hydrogels with rapid responsive characteristics.

Key words: smart hydrogels, polymers, environmental stimuli-response, rapid responsive property

摘要：

环境响应智能水凝胶应用于化学传感器、化学微阀、人造肌肉、药物控释载体、物质分离等领域时常常需要快速响应特性,提高智能水凝胶的响应速率成为了智能水凝胶研究领域的重要课题之一。本文主要综述了具有快速响应特性的环境响应智能水凝胶的构建策略与方法,重点介绍了3类具有不同结构的快速响应型智能水凝胶,即具有多孔结构的快速响应智能水凝胶、具有梳状结构的快速响应智能水凝胶以及具有微球复合结构的快速响应智能水凝胶。

关键词: 智能水凝胶, 聚合物, 环境刺激响应, 快速响应特性

CLC Number:

TB381

LIU Zhuang, XIE Rui, JU Xiaojie, WANG Wei, CHU Liangyin. Progress in stimuli-responsive smart hydrogels with rapid responsive characteristics[J]. CIESC Journal, 2016, 67(1): 202-208.

刘壮, 谢锐, 巨晓洁, 汪伟, 褚良银. 具有快速响应特性的环境响应型智能水凝胶的研究进展[J]. 化工学报, 2016, 67(1): 202-208.

References 56

[1]	WICHERLE O, LIM D. Hydrophilic gels for biological use [J]. Nature, 1960, 185: 117-118.
[2]	LEE K Y, MOONEY D J. Hydrogels for tissue engineering [J]. Chem. Rev., 2001, 101: 1869-1879.
[3]	LIU M J, ISHIDA Y, EBINA Y, et al. An anisotropic hydrogel with electrostatic repulsion between cofacially aligned nanosheets [J]. Nature, 2015, 517: 68-72
[4]	CHU L Y, XIE R, JU X J, et al. Smart Hydrogel Functional Materials[M]. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2013.
[5]	HU Z B, CHEN Y Y, WANG C J, et al. Polymer gels with engineered environmentally responsive surface patterns [J]. Nature, 1998, 393: 149-152.
[6]	JUODKAZIS S, MUKAI N, WAKAKI R, et al. Reversible phase transitions in polymer gels induced by radiation forces [J]. Nature, 2000, 408, 178-181.
[7]	XIAO X C, CHU L Y, CHEN W M, et al. Positively thermo-sensitive monodisperse core-shell microspheres [J]. Adv. Funct. Mater., 2003, 13: 847-852.
[8]	KIM S J, SPINKS G M, PROSSER S, et al. Surprising shrinkage of expanding gels under an external load [J]. Nat. Mater., 2006, 5: 48-51.
[9]	LEE B P, KONST S. Novel hydrogel actuator inspired by reversible mussel adhesive protein chemistry [J]. Adv. Mater., 2014, 26: 3415-3419.
[10]	LEE K, ASHER S A. Photonic crystal chemical sensors: pH and ionic strength [J]. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2000, 122, 9534-9537.
[11]	SHIM T S, KIM S H, HEO C J, et al. Controlled origami folding of hydrogel bilayers with sustained reversibility for robust microcarriers [J]. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2012, 51: 1420-1423.
[12]	MI P, JU X J, XIE R, et al. A novel stimuli-responsive hydrogel for K+-induced controlled-release [J]. Polymer, 2010, 51:1648-1653.
[13]	JIANG M Y, JU X J, FANG L, et al. A novel smart microsphere with K+-induced shrinking and aggregating property based on responsive host-guest system [J]. ACS Appl. Mater. Inter., 2014, 6: 19405-19415.
[14]	TU T, FANG W W, SUN Z M. Visual-size molecular recognition based on gels [J]. Adv. Mater., 2013, 25: 5304-5313.
[15]	SAMOEI G K, WANG W H, ESCOBEDO J O, et al. A chemomechanical polymer that functions in blood plasma with high glucose selectivity [J]. Angew. Chem. Int. Edit., 2006, 45: 5319-5322.
[16]	ZHANG S B, CHU L Y, XU D, et al. Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-based comb-type grafted hydrogel with rapid response to blood glucose concentration change at physiological temperature [J]. Polym. Adv. Technol., 2008, 19: 937-743.
[17]	JUODKAZIS S, MUKAI N, WAKAKI R, et al. Reversible phase transitions in polymer gels induced by radiation forces [J]. Nature, 2000, 408: 178-181.
[18]	TATSUMA T, TAKADA K, MIYAZAKI T. UV-light-induced swelling and visible-light-induced shrinking of a TiO2-containing redox gel [J]. Adv. Mater., 2007, 19: 1249-1521.
[19]	KWON I C, BAE Y H, KIM S W. Electrically erodible polymer gel for controlled release of drugs [J]. Nature, 1991, 354: 291-293.
[20]	BEEBE D J, MOORE J S, BAUER J M, et al. Functional hydrogel structures for autonomous flow control inside microfluidic channels [J]. Nature, 2000, 404: 588-590.
[21]	DONG L, AGARWAL A K, BEEBE D J, et al. Adaptive liquid microlenses activated by stimuli-responsive hydrogels [J]. Nature, 2006, 442: 551-554.
[22]	CHEN C, ZHU Y H, BAO H, et al. Ethanol-assisted multi-sensitive poly(vinyl alcohol) photonic crystal sensor [J]. Chem. Commun., 2011, 47: 5530-5532.
[23]	SIDORENKO A, KRUPENKIN T, TAYLOR A, et al. Reversible switching of hydrogel-actuated nanostructures into complex micropatterns [J]. Science, 2007, 315: 487-490.
[24]	TAKASHIMA Y, HATANAKA S, OTSUBO M, et al. Expansion-contraction of photoresponsive artificial muscle regulated by host-guest interactions [J]. Nat. Commun., 2012, 3: 1270.
[25]	CALVERT P. Hydrogels for soft machines [J]. Adv. Mater., 2009, 21: 743-756.
[26]	YAO C, LIU Z, YANG C, et al. Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-clay nanocomposite hydrogels with responsive bending property as temperature-controlled manipulators [J]. Adv. Funct. Mater., 2015 25: 2980-2991
[27]	HE X M, AIZENBERG M, KUKSENOK O, et al. Synthetic homeostatic materials with chemo-mechano-chemical self-regulation [J]. Nature, 2012, 487: 214-218.
[28]	KUMACHEVA E. Hydrogels: the catalytic curtsey [J]. Nat. Mater., 2012, 11: 665-666.
[29]	SELIKTAR D. Designing cell-compatible hydrogels for biomedical applications [J]. Science, 2012, 336: 1124-1128.
[30]	STUART M A C, HUCK W T S, GENZER J, et al. Emerging applications of stimuli-responsive polymer materials [J]. Nat. Mater., 2010, 9: 101-113.
[31]	LIU Z, LIU L, JU X J, et al. K+-recognition capsules with squirting release mechanisms [J]. Chem. Commun., 2011, 47: 12283-12285.
[32]	NAGASE K, KOBAYASHI J, OKANO T. Temperature-responsive intelligent interfaces for biomolecular separation and cell sheet engineering [J]. J. R Soc. Interface, 2009, 6: S293-S309.
[33]	YOSHIDA R, UCHIDA U, KANEKO Y, et al. Comb-type grafted hydrogels with rapid deswelling response to temperature changes [J]. Nature, 1995, 374: 240-242.
[34]	TANAKA T, FILLMORE D J. Kinetics of swelling of gels [J]. J. Chem. Phys., 1979, 70: 1214-1218.
[35]	SERIZAWA T, WAKITA K, KANEKO T, et al. Thermoresponsive properties of porous poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogels prepared in the presence of nanosized silica particles and subsequent acid treatment [J]. J. Polym. Sci. Pol. Chem., 2002, 40: 4228-4235.
[36]	SERIZAWA T, WAKITA K, AKASHI M. Rapid deswelling of porous poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogels prepared by incorporation of silicon particles [J]. Macromolecules, 2002, 35: 10-12.
[37]	CHU L Y, KIM J W, SHAH R K, et al. Monodisperse thermoresponsive microgels with tunable volume-phase transition kinetics [J]. Adv. Funct. Mater., 2007, 17: 3499-3504
[38]	MOU C L, JU X J, ZHANG L, et al. Monodisperse and fast-responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) microgels with open-celled porous structure [J]. Langmuir, 2014, 30(5): 1455-1464.
[39]	MOU C L. Study on microfluidic fabrication of stimuli-responsive microspheres and microcapsules with novel structures and functions[D]. Chengdu: Sichuan University, 2014: 49-75.
[40]	LEE W F, YEH Y C. Effect of porosigen and hydrophobic monomer on the fast swelling-deswelling behaviors for the porous thermoreversible copolymeric hydrogels [J]. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2006, 100: 3152-3160
[41]	ZHANG X Z, YANG Y Y, CHUNG T S, et al. Preparation and characterization of fast response macroporous poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogels [J]. Langmuir, 2001, 17: 6094-6099
[42]	ZHUO R X, LI W. Preparation and characterization of macroporous poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogels for the controlled release of proteins [J]. J. Polym. Sci. Pol. Chem., 2003, 41: 152-159.
[43]	WU X S, HOFFMAN A S, PAUL Y. Synthesis and characterization of thermally reversible macroporous poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogels [J]. J. Polym. Sci. Pol. Chem.. 1992, 30: 2121-2129.
[44]	CHEN J, PARK H, PARK K. Synthesis of superporous hydrogels: Hydrogels with fast swelling and superabsorbent properties [J]. J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 1999, 44: 53-62.
[45]	ZHANG Y, TAN T W. Preparation of fast responsive, pH sensitive polyaerylic acid gel with different pore-forming agents [J]. J. Biomed. Eng., 2007, 24:884-889.
[46]	XUE W, HAMLEY I W, HUGLIN M B. Rapid swelling and deswelling of thermoreversible hydrophobically modified poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogels prepared by freezing polymerization [J]. Polymer, 2002, 43: 5181-5186
[47]	XUE W, CHAMP S, HUGLIN M B, et al. Rapid swelling and deswelling in cryogels of crosslinked poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic) [J]. Eur. Polym. J., 2004, 40: 467-476.
[48]	ZHANG J, CHU L Y, LI Y K, et al. Dual thermo-and pH-sensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) hydrogels with rapid response behaviors [J]. Polymer, 2007, 48: 1718-1728.
[49]	ZHANG J, CHU L Y, CHENG C J, et al. Graft-type poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) microgels exhibiting rapid thermo-and pH-responsive properties [J]. Polymer, 2008, 49: 2595-2603.
[50]	ZHANG J, XIE R, ZHANG S B, et al. Rapid pH/temperature-responsive cationic hydrogels with dual stimuli-sensitive grafted side chains [J]. Polymer, 2009, 50: 2516-2525.
[51]	WANG J P, GAN D J, LYON L A, et al. Temperature-jump investigations of the kinetics of hydrogel nanoparticle volume phase transitions [J]. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2001, 123: 11284-11289.
[52]	ZHANG J T, HUANG S W, XUE Y N, et al. poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) nanoparticle-incorporated PNIPAAm hydrogels with fast shrinking kinetics [J]. Macromol. Rapid Comm., 2005, 26: 1346-1350.
[53]	YUE L L, XIE R, WEI J, et al. Nano-gel containing thermo-responsive microspheres with fast response rate owing to hierarchical phase-transition mechanism [J]. J. Colloid Interf. Sci., 2012, 377: 137-144.
[54]	CHO E C, KIM J W, FERNANDEZ-NIEVES A, et al. Highly responsive hydrogel scaffolds formed by three-dimensional organization of microgel nanoparticles [J]. Nano Letters, 2008, 8: 168-172
[55]	CHO E C, KIM J W, HYUN D C, et al. Regulating volume transitions of highly responsive hydrogel scaffolds by adjusting the network properties of microgel building block colloids [J]. Langmuir, 2010, 26: 3854-3859.
[56]	XIA L W, XIE R, JU X J, et al. Nano-structured smart hydrogels with rapid response and high elasticity [J]. Nature Commun., 2013, 4: 2226.sup>-recognition capsules with squirting release mechanisms[J]. Chem. Commun., 2011, 47: 12283-12285.
[32]	. Nagase K, Kobayashi J, Okano T. Temperature-responsive intelligent interfaces for biomolecular separation and cell sheet engineering[J]. J. R Soc. Interface, 2009, 6: S293-S309.
[33]	. Yoshida R, Uchida U, Kaneko Y, Sakai K, Kikuchi A, Sakurai Y, Okano T. Comb-type grafted hydrogels with rapid deswelling response to temperature changes[J]. Nature, 1995, 374: 240-242.
[34]	. Tanaka T, Fillmore D J. Kinetics of swelling of gels[J]. J. Chem. Phys., 1979, 70: 1214-1218.
[35]	. Serizawa T, Wakita K, Kaneko T, Akashi M. Thermoresponsive properties of porous poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogels prepared in the presence of nanosized silica particles and subsequent acid treatment[J]. J. Polym. Sci. Pol. Chem., 2002, 40: 4228-4235.
[36]	. Serizawa T, Wakita K, Akashi M. Rapid deswelling of porous poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogels prepared by incorporation of silicon particles[J]. Macromolecules, 2002, 35: 10-12.
[37]	. Chu L Y, Kim J W, Shah R K, Weitz D A. Monodisperse thermoresponsive microgels with tunable volume-phase transition kinetics[J]. Adv. Funct. Mater., 2007, 17: 3499-3504
[38]	. Mou C L, Ju X J, Zhang L, Xie R, Wang W, Deng N N, Wei J, Chen Q M, Chu L Y. Monodisperse and fast-responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) microgels with open-celled porous structure[J]. Langmuir, 2014, 30(5): 1455-1464.
[39]	. Mou C L (牟川淋). Study on microfluidic fabrication of stimuli-responsive microspheres and microcapsules with novel structures and functions[D]. Doctor Thesis of Sichuan University, 2014: 49-75.
[40]	. Lee W F, Yeh Y C. Effect of porosigen and hydrophobic monomer on the fast swelling-deswelling behaviors for the porous thermoreversible copolymeric hydrogels[J]. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2006, 100: 3152-3160
[41]	. Zhang X Z, Yang Y Y, Chung T S, Ma K X. Preparation and characterization of fast response macroporous poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogels[J]. Langmuir, 2001, 17: 6094-6099
[42]	. Zhuo R X, Li W. Preparation and characterization of macroporous poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogels for the controlled release of proteins[J]. J. Polym. Sci. Pol. Chem., 2003, 41: 152-159.
[43]	. Wu X S, Hoffman A S, Paul Y. Synthesis and characterization of thermally reversible macroporous poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogels[J]. J. Polym. Sci. Pol. Chem.. 1992, 30: 2121-2129.
[44]	. Chen J,Park H,Park K. Synthesis of superporous hydrogels: Hydrogels with fast swelling and superabsorbent properties[J]. J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 1999, 44: 53-62.
[45]	. Zhang Y (张艳), Tan T W (谭天伟). Preparation of fast responsive, pH sensitive polyaerylic acid gel with different pore-forming agents[J]. J. Biomed. Eng., 2007, 24, 884-889.
[46]	. Xue W, Hamley I W, Huglin M B. Rapid swelling and deswelling of thermoreversible hydrophobically modified poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogels prepared by freezing polymerization[J]. Polymer, 2002, 43: 5181-5186
[47]	. Xue W, Champ S, Huglin M B, Jones T G C. Rapid swelling and deswelling in cryogels of crosslinked poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic)[J]. Eur. Polym. J., 2004, 40: 467-476.
[48]	. Zhang J, Chu L Y, Li Y K, Lee Y M. Dual thermo- and pH-sensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) hydrogels with rapid response behaviors[J]. Polymer, 2007, 48: 1718-1728.
[49]	. Zhang J, Chu L Y, Cheng C J, Mi D F, Zhou M Y, Ju X J. Graft-type poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) microgels exhibiting rapid thermo- and pH-responsive properties[J]. Polymer, 2008, 49: 2595-2603.
[50]	. Zhang J, Xie R, Zhang S B, Cheng C J, Ju X J, Chu L Y. 2009. Rapid pH/temperature-responsive cationic hydrogels with dual stimuli-sensitive grafted side chains[J]. Polymer, 2009, 50: 2516-2525.
[51]	. Wang J P, Gan D J, Lyon L A, El-Sayed M A. Temperature-jump investigations of the kinetics of hydrogel nanoparticle volume phase transitions[J]. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2001, 123: 11284-11289.
[52]	. Zhang J T, Huang S W, Xue Y N, Zhuo R X. poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) nanoparticle-incorporated PNIPAAm hydrogels with fast shrinking kinetics[J]. Macromol. Rapid Comm., 2005, 26: 1346-1350.
[53]	. Yue L L, Xie R, Wei J, Ju X J, Wang W, Chu L Y. Nano-gel containing thermo-responsive microspheres with fast response rate owing to hierarchical phase-transition mechanism[J]. J. Colloid Interf. Sci., 2012, 377: 137-144.
[54]	. Cho E C, Kim J W, Fernandez-Nieves A, Weitz D A. Highly responsive hydrogel scaffolds formed by three-dimensional organization of microgel nanoparticles[J]. Nano Letters, 2008, 8: 168-172
[55]	. Cho E C, Kim J W, Hyun D C, Jeong U, Weitz D A. Regulating volume transitions of highly responsive hydrogel scaffolds by adjusting the network properties of microgel building block colloids[J]. Langmuir, 2010, 26: 3854-3859.
[56]	. Xia L W, Xie R, Ju X J, Wang W, Chen Q M, Chu L Y. Nano-structured smart hydrogels with rapid response and high elasticity[J]. Nature Commun., 2013, 4: 2226.