CIESC Journal ›› 2022, Vol. 73 ›› Issue (8): 3483-3500.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20220284
• Reviews and monographs • Previous Articles Next Articles
Kaihong TANG1,2(), Xiaofeng HE1, Guiqiu XU1, Yang YU1, Xiaofeng LIU1, Tiejun GE1,2(), Ailing ZHANG2()
Received:
2022-02-27
Revised:
2022-06-08
Online:
2022-09-06
Published:
2022-08-05
Contact:
Tiejun GE, Ailing ZHANG
唐恺鸿1,2(), 何晓峰1, 徐桂秋1, 于洋1, 刘啸凤1, 葛铁军1,2(), 张爱玲2()
通讯作者:
葛铁军,张爱玲
作者简介:
唐恺鸿(1994—),女,博士研究生,t_angkh@163.com
基金资助:
CLC Number:
Kaihong TANG, Xiaofeng HE, Guiqiu XU, Yang YU, Xiaofeng LIU, Tiejun GE, Ailing ZHANG. Review on combustion behavior and flame retardant research of phenolic foams[J]. CIESC Journal, 2022, 73(8): 3483-3500.
唐恺鸿, 何晓峰, 徐桂秋, 于洋, 刘啸凤, 葛铁军, 张爱玲. 酚醛泡沫的燃烧行为及阻燃研究进展[J]. 化工学报, 2022, 73(8): 3483-3500.
阻燃剂类型 | 阻燃剂 | 分子结构 | LOI/% | pHRR变化率 | 文献 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
磷系阻燃剂 | DOPO-木纤维 | 35.0 | — | [ | |
磷系阻燃剂 | DOPO-木纤维 | 35.2 | — | [ | |
磷系阻燃剂 | DOPO-微晶纤维素 | 46.0 | — | [ | |
磷系阻燃剂 | DOPO-衣康酸-乙基纤维素 | 37.1 | — | [ | |
磷系阻燃剂 | 含磷聚醚增韧剂 | 49.5 | 41.5%↓ | [ | |
磷系阻燃剂 | 聚乙二醇磷酸盐 | 45.1 | 28.3%↓ | [ |
Table 1 Flame retardancy of phenolic foams with different flame retardants
阻燃剂类型 | 阻燃剂 | 分子结构 | LOI/% | pHRR变化率 | 文献 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
磷系阻燃剂 | DOPO-木纤维 | 35.0 | — | [ | |
磷系阻燃剂 | DOPO-木纤维 | 35.2 | — | [ | |
磷系阻燃剂 | DOPO-微晶纤维素 | 46.0 | — | [ | |
磷系阻燃剂 | DOPO-衣康酸-乙基纤维素 | 37.1 | — | [ | |
磷系阻燃剂 | 含磷聚醚增韧剂 | 49.5 | 41.5%↓ | [ | |
磷系阻燃剂 | 聚乙二醇磷酸盐 | 45.1 | 28.3%↓ | [ |
阻燃剂类型 | 阻燃剂 | LOI/% | pHRR 变化率 | 文献 |
---|---|---|---|---|
纳米颗粒 | TiN | 34.2 | — | [ |
纳米颗粒 | SiO2 | 38.0 | — | [ |
纳米颗粒 | Al2O3 | 39.3 | 8.3%↓ | [ |
纳米颗粒 | ZrO2 | 38.9 | 2.8%↓ | [ |
磷-氮系阻燃剂/ 纳米颗粒 | APP/ZnO | 73.0 | >75.0%↓ | [ |
磷-氮系阻燃剂/ 纳米颗粒 | APP/MoO3 | 71.0 | >75.0%↓ | [ |
磷-氮系阻燃剂/ 纳米颗粒 | APP/CuCl2 | 71.5 | >75.0%↓ | [ |
磷-氮系阻燃剂/ 纳米颗粒 | APP/SnCl2 | 72.0 | >75.0%↓ | [ |
纤维/纳米颗粒 | 玻璃纤维/ 纳米黏土 | 32.0 | 12.7%↓ | [ |
— | 氧化石墨烯 | 40.0 | 22.2%↓ | [ |
纳米颗粒/氧化石墨烯 | 磷酸锆-氧化 石墨烯 | 42.5 | 25.0%↓ | [ |
纳米颗粒/氧化石墨烯 | SiO2-氧化石墨烯 | 41.0 | 21.4%↓ | [ |
纳米颗粒/氧化石墨烯 | CoAl-氧化石墨烯 | 38.5 | 8.4%↓ | [ |
Table 2 Flame retardancy of phenolic foams with different nanoscale inorganic flame retardants
阻燃剂类型 | 阻燃剂 | LOI/% | pHRR 变化率 | 文献 |
---|---|---|---|---|
纳米颗粒 | TiN | 34.2 | — | [ |
纳米颗粒 | SiO2 | 38.0 | — | [ |
纳米颗粒 | Al2O3 | 39.3 | 8.3%↓ | [ |
纳米颗粒 | ZrO2 | 38.9 | 2.8%↓ | [ |
磷-氮系阻燃剂/ 纳米颗粒 | APP/ZnO | 73.0 | >75.0%↓ | [ |
磷-氮系阻燃剂/ 纳米颗粒 | APP/MoO3 | 71.0 | >75.0%↓ | [ |
磷-氮系阻燃剂/ 纳米颗粒 | APP/CuCl2 | 71.5 | >75.0%↓ | [ |
磷-氮系阻燃剂/ 纳米颗粒 | APP/SnCl2 | 72.0 | >75.0%↓ | [ |
纤维/纳米颗粒 | 玻璃纤维/ 纳米黏土 | 32.0 | 12.7%↓ | [ |
— | 氧化石墨烯 | 40.0 | 22.2%↓ | [ |
纳米颗粒/氧化石墨烯 | 磷酸锆-氧化 石墨烯 | 42.5 | 25.0%↓ | [ |
纳米颗粒/氧化石墨烯 | SiO2-氧化石墨烯 | 41.0 | 21.4%↓ | [ |
纳米颗粒/氧化石墨烯 | CoAl-氧化石墨烯 | 38.5 | 8.4%↓ | [ |
改性方法 | 改性剂 | 分子结构 | LOI/% | pHRR变化率 | 文献 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
整体投料 | 双氰胺 | 48.1 | 19.1%↓ | [ | |
羟甲基苯酚改性 | 双酚A二缩水甘油醚 | — | 133.0%↑ | [ | |
羟甲基苯酚改性 | 溴化双酚A环氧树脂 | — | 37.7%↓ | [ | |
羟甲基苯酚改性 | 蒙脱土/生物油 | 39.7 | — | [ | |
原材料替代 | 含羞草树皮单宁 | — | 88.7%↓ | [ | |
原材料替代 | 磺化落叶松单宁 | 47.8 | — | [ | |
原材料替代 | 硫酸盐木质素 | 34.0 | 0.4%↑ | [ | |
原材料替代 | HBr催化木质素 | 43.6 | — | [ |
Table 3 Flame retardancy of chemically modified phenolic foams
改性方法 | 改性剂 | 分子结构 | LOI/% | pHRR变化率 | 文献 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
整体投料 | 双氰胺 | 48.1 | 19.1%↓ | [ | |
羟甲基苯酚改性 | 双酚A二缩水甘油醚 | — | 133.0%↑ | [ | |
羟甲基苯酚改性 | 溴化双酚A环氧树脂 | — | 37.7%↓ | [ | |
羟甲基苯酚改性 | 蒙脱土/生物油 | 39.7 | — | [ | |
原材料替代 | 含羞草树皮单宁 | — | 88.7%↓ | [ | |
原材料替代 | 磺化落叶松单宁 | 47.8 | — | [ | |
原材料替代 | 硫酸盐木质素 | 34.0 | 0.4%↑ | [ | |
原材料替代 | HBr催化木质素 | 43.6 | — | [ |
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