Abstract:

Long chain branched polydimethylsiloxane-g-polyethylene (PDMS-g-PE) copolymers were synthesized by hydrosilylation reaction between polymethylhydrosiloxane and vinyl terminated PE macromonomer. The structure and properties were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H NMR), high temperature gel permeation chromatography (HT-GPC) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The effect of the hydrogen content of polymethylhydrosiloxane on the copolymer structure and properties was investigated. It was found that the molecular weight of PDMS-g-PE increased with the hydrogen content of polymethylhydrosiloxane since more PE macromonomers were grafted onto the polydimethylsiloxane main chains. The glass transition temperature (T_g) of PDMS-g-PE was extremely low, indicating the excellent molecular chain flexibility. PDMS-g-PE with more PE branched chains showed higher melting temperature (T_m) and higher melting enthalpy (ΔH_m). PDMS-g-PE was used as flow modifier for HDPE. When 2% PDMS-g-PE was added to HDPE, the melting flow rate (MFR) increased by 21%, the elongation at break improved significantly and the impact strength improved a little, while the tensile strength and elastic modulus decreased slightly.

Key words: polydimethylsiloxane, polyethylene, polymer, preparation, flow modifier

摘要：

通过低含氢硅油与末端双键聚乙烯大单体的硅氢加成反应,制备了长支链型聚硅氧烷-聚乙烯接枝共聚物(PDMS-g-PE)。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁共振波谱(¹H NMR)、高温凝胶渗透色谱(HT-GPC)和差示扫描量热分析(DSC)表征了共聚物的结构与性能。考察了硅油含氢量对共聚物结构和热性能的影响,并将其用作HDPE 的流动改性剂,研究了其增塑润滑改性效果。结果表明,硅油含氢量越高,能加成上的PE 支链越多,PDMS-g-PE 的分子量越大。PDMS-g-PE 的聚硅氧烷主链具有极低的玻璃化温度(T_g),显示出优异的分子链柔顺性。聚乙烯支链使PDMS-g-PE 表现出了较高的熔点和熔融焓。在HDPE 中加入2%的PDMS-g-PE,使得熔融指数(MFR)提高21%,断裂伸长率明显提高,冲击强度有所提高,而拉伸强度和弹性模量仅略有降低。

关键词: 聚二甲基硅氧烷, 聚乙烯, 聚合物, 制备, 流动改性剂