Viscosity and electrical conductivity of Betaine·HCl-6EG-nNiCl2·6H2O deep eutectic ionic liquids

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20151264

Abstract

Abstract:

The viscosity and electrical conductivity of Betaine·HCl-6EG-nNiCl₂·6H₂O deep eutectic ionic liquids, formed by adding nickel(Ⅱ) chloride hexahydrate (NiCl₂·6H₂O) into a deep eutectic solvent (DES) composed of Betaine hydrochloride (Betaine·HCl) and Ethylene glycol (EG) in 1:6 molar ratio, were reported at 303—353 K and 303—348 K with an interval of 5 K under atmospheric pressure. The viscosity and electrical conductivity associated with temperature and NiCl₂·6H₂O concentration were investigated, respectively. The results revealed that within the selected temperature and NiCl₂·6H₂O concentration ranges, Betaine·HCl-6EG-nNiCl₂·6H₂O deep eutectic ionic liquids showed low viscosities and good electrical conductivities. With increasing temperature, the viscosities decreased and electrical conductivities increased. The effect of temperature was more significant on viscosity than on electrical conductivity. The dependence of temperature of viscosity and electrical conductivity was found to be greatly described by Arrhenius empirical expressions. According to these expressions, the activation energies for viscous flow and conduction were calculated. With increasing NiCl₂·6H₂O concentration, the values of the activation energies for viscous flow and conduction increased. Because of the adding NiCl₂·6H₂O, the formations of the larger size complex ions reduced the concentrations of the effective conductive ions and increased the ionic radius, resulting in increasing viscosity and decreasing electrical conductivity.

Key words: Betaine·, HCl-6EG DES, viscosity, electrical conductivity, nickel(Ⅱ) chloride hexahydrate, ionic liquids, numerical analysis

摘要：

在常压下303~353 K和303~348 K温度范围分别测定了低共熔溶剂盐酸甜菜碱-乙二醇(Betaine·HCl-6EG)中加入不同浓度NiCl₂·6H₂O形成的Betaine·HCl-6EG-nNiCl₂·6H₂O低共熔离子液体的黏度和电导率,研究了温度、NiCl₂·6H₂O浓度对其黏度、电导率的影响规律。结果表明,在所研究的温度和NiCl₂·6H₂O浓度范围内低共熔离子液体Betaine·HCl-6EG-nNiCl₂·6H₂O都具有较低的黏度和良好的导电性。随着温度的升高,黏度减小,电导率增大,温度对黏度的影响更显著;黏度、电导率与温度的关系均可以用Arrhenius经验公式描述,由此计算得到其黏滞活化能和电导活化能。随着NiCl₂·6H₂O浓度的增加,黏滞活化能和电导活化能均会增大;NiCl₂·6H₂O的加入使得离子液体形成尺寸较大的络合离子,导电离子的有效浓度降低、离子半径增大,导致其电导率减小、黏度增大。

关键词: 盐酸甜菜碱-乙二醇低共熔溶剂, 黏度, 电导率, 六水合氯化镍, 离子液体, 数值分析

CLC Number:

GONG Kai, HUA Yixin, XU Cunying, LI Jian, LI Yan, ZHOU Zhongren. Viscosity and electrical conductivity of Betaine·HCl-6EG-nNiCl₂·6H₂O deep eutectic ionic liquids[J]. CIESC Journal, 2016, 67(4): 1090-1097.

龚凯, 华一新, 徐存英, 李坚, 李艳, 周忠仁. Betaine·HCl-6EG-nNiCl₂·6H₂O低共熔离子液体的黏度和电导率[J]. 化工学报, 2016, 67(4): 1090-1097.

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Viscosity and electrical conductivity of Betaine·HCl-6EG-nNiCl₂·6H₂O deep eutectic ionic liquids

Betaine·HCl-6EG-nNiCl₂·6H₂O低共熔离子液体的黏度和电导率

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