Abstract:

In the presence of alkaline catalyst NaOH, natural polymer polysaccharide based cationic starch (CS), the adsorbent for reactive dye, was synthesized by corn starch as raw material and 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride as cationic agent. The etherification reaction mechanism was studied and the influences of the reaction conditions on the degree of substitution (DS) and reaction efficiency (RE) were investigated. Structure of the product confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectra (RAM) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) indicated that the cationic groups were successfully introduced into corn starch. The results showed that when the DS is 0.12 and the solution pH is 8, the adsorption amounts of the product on reactive red dye 195 and reactive golden yellow dye K-2RA were 21.0 mg·g^-1 and 20.4 mg·g^-1, respectively, and the removal rates were 84.1% and 81.6%, respectively, which were better than those of inorganic adsorption material active carbon. The regeneration property of the CS dye adsorbing material was also investigated. It was found that the CS dye adsorbing material with favorable regeneration performance could use circularly and was expected to be an ideal substitute for inorganic adsorbent and synthetic resin adsorbent applying in the treatment of industrial dye wastewater.

Key words: cationic starch, preparation, degree of substitution, dye, adsorption, regeneration

摘要：

以玉米淀粉为原料，以3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵（CHPTMAC）为阳离子醚化剂，以NaOH为催化剂，制备了天然高分子多糖基染料吸附剂阳离子淀粉（CS），用于对活性染料的吸附。对醚化反应机理进行了系统研究，并考察了反应条件对CS取代度（DS）及反应效率（RE）的影响。采用RAM、XRD、SEM对产物进行表征。吸附实验表明，当DS为0.12，染料溶液pH为8时，CS对活性红195、活性金黄K-2RA的吸附量分别为21.0和20.4 mg·g^-1，去除率可达84.1%和81.6%，好于无机吸附材料活性炭。还进行了CS染料吸附材料的再生实验，4次再生后仍有较高的吸附量，表明CS染料吸附材料具有较强的可再生性能，可循环使用。该天然基染料吸附剂CS有望成为无机吸附剂及合成树脂吸附剂的理想替代品，用于工业染料废水的处理中。

关键词: 阳离子淀粉, 制备, 取代度, 染料, 吸附, 再生