Effect of cooling water flow rate on power generation of organic Rankine cycle system

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20171254

Abstract

Abstract:

A single screw expander was used as the power generation machine. The effect of cooling water flow rate on the performance of the ORC system and the single screw expander is studied to generate power from low-grade waste heat. The results show that when the cooling water flow rate from 8 m³·h^-1 to 19 m³·h^-1, the output power and shaft efficiency of the single screw expander increase by 19.5% and 13% from 4.31 kW and 36.38% to 5.15 kW and 41.1%, respectively. In this experimental system, when the cooling water flow is 12 m³·h^-1 and the power consumed by the circulation pump, the lubricating oil pump, the water pump and the cooling tower fan were all taken into account, the maximum value of the system net output power and the system net efficiency would be 2.44 kW and 2.47% respectively. Therefore, the cooling water flow rate significantly affected the performance of an ORC system with low-grade waste heat, which could serve as important reference for designing cooling source system and optimizing ORC system performance.

Key words: organic Rankine cycle, cooling water flow rate, single screw expander, net efficiency, enthalpy

摘要：

采用自主研发的单螺杆膨胀机作为机械动力，实验研究了冷却水流量对ORC余热发电测试系统及单螺杆膨胀机性能的影响。实验结果表明：当冷却水流量从8 m³·h^-1升至19 m³·h^-1时，单螺杆膨胀机输出功和轴效率分别从4.31 kW、36.38%增至5.15 kW、41.1%，分别增加了19.5%、13%。针对本实验系统，在考虑润滑油泵、工质泵、冷却水泵和冷却塔风扇等所有系统辅机功耗之后，当冷却水流量为12 m³·h^-1时，系统净输出功和系统净效率达到最大值，分别为2.44 kW和2.47%。通过研究冷却水流量对ORC系统性能的影响，为ORC冷却系统的设计和优化系统性能提供重要的实验依据。

关键词: 有机朗肯循环, 冷却水流量, 单螺杆膨胀机, 净效率, 焓

CLC Number:

TK11+5

WU Yuting, ZHAO Yingkun, LEI Biao, MENG Qingpeng, CHEN Rumeng, ZHI Ruiping, MA Chongfang. Effect of cooling water flow rate on power generation of organic Rankine cycle system[J]. CIESC Journal, 2018, 69(6): 2639-2645.

吴玉庭, 赵英昆, 雷标, 孟庆鹏, 陈如梦, 智瑞平, 马重芳. 冷却水流量对ORC系统性能影响的实验研究[J]. 化工学报, 2018, 69(6): 2639-2645.

References 29

[1]	王华, 王辉涛. 低温余热发电有机朗肯循环技术[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 2010. WANG H, WANG H T.Low Temperature Waste Heat Power Generation Organic Rankine Cycle Technology[M].Beijing:Science Press, 2010.
[2]	HUNG T C, SHAI T Y, WANG S K. A review of organic Rankine cycles (ORCs) for the recovery of low-grade waste heat[J]. Energy, 1997, 22(7):661-667.
[3]	MAIZZA V, MAIZZA A. Unconventional working fluids in organic Rankine-cycles for waste energy recovery systems[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2001, 21(3):381-390.
[4]	PAPADOPOULOS A I, STIJEPOVIC M, LINKE P. On the systematic design and selection of optimal working fluids for organic Rankine cycles[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2010, 30(6/7):760-769.
[5]	HE C, LIU C, ZHOU M, et al. A new selection principle of working fluids for subcritical organic Rankine cycle coupling with different heat sources[J]. Energy, 2014, 68(8):283-291.
[6]	BROWN J S, BRIGNOLI R, QUINE T. Parametric investigation of working fluids for organic Rankine cycle applications[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2015, 90:64-74.
[7]	刘强, 申爱景, 段远源. 抽气回热式有机朗肯循环热经济性的定量分析[J]. 化工学报, 2014,65(2):437-444. LIU Q, SHEN A J, DUAN Y Y. Quantitative analysis for thermal economy of regenerative extraction organic Rankine cycle[J]. CIESC Journal, 2014, 65 (2):437-444.
[8]	LIU Q, SHEN A, DUAN Y. Parametric optimization and performance analyses of geothermal organic Rankine cycles using R600a/R601a mixtures as working fluids[J]. Applied Energy, 2015, 148:410-420.
[9]	LIU Q, DUAN Y, YANG Z. Performance analyses of geothermal organic Rankine cycles with selected hydrocarbon working fluids[J]. Energy, 2013, 63(1):123-132.
[10]	HAJABDOLLAHI H, GANJEHKAVIRI A, JAAFAR M N M. Thermo-economic optimization of RSORC (regenerative solar organic Rankine cycle) considering hourly analysis[J]. Energy, 2015, 87:369-380.
[11]	LECOMPTE S, HUISSEUNE H, BROEK M V D, et al. Part load based thermo-economic optimization of the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) applied to a combined heat and power (CHP) system[J]. Applied Energy, 2013, 111(11):871-881.
[12]	QUOILIN S, DECLAYE S, TCHANCHE B F, et al. Thermo-economic optimization of waste heat recovery organic Rankine cycles[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2011, 31(14/15):2885-2893.
[13]	LEMORT V, QUOILIN S, CUEVAS C, et al. Testing and modeling a scroll expander integrated into an organic Rankine cycle[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2009, 29(14/15):3094-3102.
[14]	TAKAHISA Y, TOMOHIKO F, NORIO A, et al. Design and testing of the organic Rankine cycle[J]. Energy, 2001, 26(3):239-251.
[15]	PEI G, LI J, LI Y, et al. Construction and dynamic test of a small-scale organic Rankine cycle[J]. Energy, 2011, 36(5):3215-3223.
[16]	KANG S H. Design and experimental study of ORC (organic Rankine cycle) and radial turbine using R245fa working fluid[J]. Energy, 2012, 41(1):514-524.
[17]	LI Y, REN X D. Investigation of the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) system and the radial-inflow turbine design[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2016,96:547-554.
[18]	谢飞博, 朱彤, 高乃平. 冷源温度对小型ORC低温余热发电系统的影响[J]. 化工学报, 2016, 67(10):4111-4117. XIE F B, ZHU T, GAO N P. Effect of cold source temperature on power generation of small organic Rankine cycle system with low-grade waste heat[J]. CIESC Journal, 2016, 67 (10):41111-4117.
[19]	苗政, 刘广林, 徐进良,等. 变冷凝工况地热有机朗肯循环发电系统[J]. 重庆大学学报(自然科学版), 2014, 37(6):51-55. MIAO Z, LIU G L, XU J L, et al. Geothermal heat power organic Rankine cycle system under different condensation temperatures[J]. Journal of Chongqing University(Natural Science Edition), 2014, 37(6):51-55.
[20]	刘经武, 戴义平. 基于有机朗肯循环低温余热利用研究[J]. 东方汽轮机, 2010, (2):22-27. LIU J W, DAI Y P. Research of low temperature exhaust heat utilized based on the organic Rankine cycle[J]. Dongfang Turbine, 2010, (2):22-27.
[21]	魏东红, 陆震, 鲁雪生, 等. 废热源驱动的有机朗肯循环系统变工况性能分析[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2006, 40(8):1398-1402. WEI D H, LU Z, LU X S, et al. Performances analysis of the organic Rankine cycle driven by exhaust under distyrbance condition[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2006, 40(8):1398-1402.
[22]	PETERSON R B, WANG H, HERRON T. Performance of small-scale regenerative Rankine power cycle employing a scroll expander[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part A Journal of Power & Energy, 2008, 222(3):271-282.
[23]	DECLAYE S, QUOILIN S, GUILLAUME L, et al. Experimental study on an open-drive scroll expander integrated into an ORC (organic Rankine cycle) system with R245fa as working fluid[J]. Energy, 2013, 55(1):173-183.
[24]	ZHOU N, WANG X, CHEN Z, et al. Experimental study on organic Rankine cycle for waste heat recovery from low-temperature flue gas[J]. Energy, 2013, 55(1):216-225.
[25]	GU W, WENG Y, WANG Y J, et al. Theoretical and experimental investigation of an organic Rankine cycle for a waste heat recovery system[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part A Journal of Power & Energy, 2009, 223(5):523-533.
[26]	YUN E, KIM D, SANG Y Y, et al. Experimental investigation of an organic Rankine cycle with multiple expanders used in parallel[J]. Applied Energy, 2015, 145:246-254.
[27]	BRACCO R, CLEMENTE S, MICHELI D, et al. Experimental tests and modelization of a domestic-scale ORC (organic Rankine cycle)[J]. Energy, 2013, 58(58):107-116.
[28]	LIU G, ZHAO Y, YANG Q, et al. Theoretical and experimental research on scroll expander used in small-scale organic Rankine cycle system[J]. ARCHIVE Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part E Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering 1989-1996, 2015, 229(1):25-35.
[29]	MANOLAKOS D, KOSMADAKIS G, KYRITSIS S, et al. Identification of behaviour and evaluation of performance of small scale, low-temperature organic Rankine cycle system coupled with a RO desalination unit[J]. Energy, 2009, 34(6):767-774.