Abstract: The great expectation is placed on the application of rechargeable lithium battery in power batteries. However, the safety issue has been paid much more attention on the rechargeable battery. The electrolyte is one of the mainly problems. It associates with the properties of the electrolyte. Ionic liquids (ILs) have exhibited excellent properties, such as wide electrochemical window, high conductivity, high thermal stability, non-volatility etc. As the green solvent, the ILs have been paid more attention by the electrochemistry. It can be used for the substitutes of the traditional organic solvents because of the nonflammable ability. Therefore, ILs as a great promising electrolyte can be used in lithium ion batteries. In this review, the application of the new-type solvent “ionic liquid” was reviewed in rechargeable batteries. The materials of the cathode or anode are mainly include carbon, Li₄Ti₅O₁₂, LiFePO₄, LiCoO₂, LiNi_xMn_yO_z, LiNi_xCo_yMn_zO_w, and lithium-sulfur batteries etc.

Key words: rechargeable lithium battery, electrolyte, ionic liquid, electrochemisty

摘要： 锂二次电池作为动力电池，被寄予厚望。但锂二次电池面临的安全隐患也是不容忽视的，是当前亟需解决的问题，而这与电解质的性质有着紧密的联系。离子液体由于具有较宽电化学窗口、良好的导电性、高热稳定性、几乎无挥发及不燃烧等优良的特性，正在作为一种新型绿色替代溶剂被电化学领域所关注。离子液体的不燃烧特性，对于替代传统有机电解质具有十分重要的意义。本文阐述了新型溶剂“离子液体”作为电解质在锂二次电池中的应用，其中重点阐述了在碳、硅、钛酸锂(Li₄Ti₅O₁₂)、磷酸亚铁锂(LiFePO₄)、钴酸锂LiCoO₂、镍锰酸锂(LiNi_xMn_yO_z)，镍钴锰锂(LiNi_xCo_yMn_zO_w)及在锂硫(Li-S)电池中的应用。

关键词: 锂二次电池, 电解质, 离子液体, 电化学