Abstract: The research aimed to produce diatomite supported nano-Cu(OH)₂ wettable powder from aqueous solution with the anolyte from cupriferous etching wastewater as raw material after membrane electrolysis. The influences of such factors as NaOH addition amount, diatomite addition amount and type of stabilizer on the preparation of nano-Cu(OH)₂ were also discussed. The results indicated that the optimum conditions were as follows: waste etching liquor 10 ml, NaOH (2 mol·L^-1) 45 ml, diatomite (44 mm) 1.6 g, stabilizer (5% tributyl phosphate solution) 100 ml. The powder prepared under optimum conditions was characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Under those conditions, the OH^-/Cu²⁺molar ratio of the final product was 1.872, the content of copper hydroxide was about 66.03%, and the size of particle was about 45 nm, which met the performance requirement for the nano- Cu(OH)₂ product. The experiment proved that the preparation technology was feasible and easy to operate, and could be an effective way for recycling waste etching liquor.

Key words: nanoparticles, copper hydroxide, precipitation, waste etching liquor containing copper, membrane, electrolysis

摘要： 以含铜蚀刻废液经膜电解后的阳极液为原料，在水相溶液中制备硅藻土基纳米氢氧化铜可湿性粉剂，并探讨了NaOH加入量、硅藻土加入量以及稳定剂对纳米Cu（OH）₂制备的影响，并确定了最佳工艺条件（膜电解阳极液15 ml、2 mol·L^-1的NaOH溶液45 ml、粒径为44 mm的硅藻土1.6 g、5%的磷酸三丁酯溶液100 ml），同时运用扫描电镜（SEM）、透射电镜（TEM）和X射线衍射仪（XRD）等检测手段对最优工艺条件下合成的粉剂进行了表征。在上述最优工艺条件下所制备的硅藻土基纳米Cu（OH）₂产品中OH^-与Cu²⁺的摩尔比为1.872，纯度为93.60%，悬浮率为66.03%，产品粒径为45 nm，满足商品纳米Cu（OH）₂可湿性粉剂的性能要求。实验结果表明该制备工艺操作方便、简单可行，是实现蚀刻废液再生利用的有效方法，具有一定的应用价值。

关键词: 纳米粒子, 氢氧化铜, 沉淀, 含铜蚀刻废液, 膜, 电解