Abstract: According to the characteristics of marine steam accumulator, the mathematical model of continuous working process of marine steam accumulator which considered the evaporation (condensation) relaxation time is established. The accuracy of the model is validated by the experimental results of the marine steam accumulator. On this basis, the influence of the key parameters on the dynamic characteristics of the continuous charging and discharging process is studied with the simulation model. The water filling coefficient of marine steam accumulator determines the heat storage capacity of marine steam accumulator and restricts the maneuverability of the system. However, the charge and discharge pressure not only influence energy storage and conversion efficiency, but also play a key role for optimizing the volume of steam accumulator. So the relationship of the water filling coefficient and the charge and discharge pressure should be matched reasonably by taking into account the requirements of steam catapult system about the launch cycle, steam pressure and the quantity of steam, to make it not only satisfy the launch efficiency but also achieve the required steam parameters for aircraft take-off.

Key words: marine steam accumulator, continuous charging and discharging steam, the evaporation (condensation) relaxation time, mathematical model

摘要： 根据船用蒸汽蓄热器的特点，建立了考虑蒸发（冷凝）相变弛豫时间的船用蒸汽蓄热器连续工作过程数学模型，并利用实验结果验证了模型的准确性，在此基础上利用仿真模型研究了关键参数对于连续充、放汽过程动态特性的影响。船用蒸汽蓄热器的充水系数决定蓄热器的蓄热能力，同时制约着系统的机动性，而充、放汽压力在影响蒸汽能量的储存与转化效率的同时，对于能否优化蓄热器的容积起到关键作用，因此应充分考虑弹射系统对弹射周期、弹射蒸汽压力、弹射所需蒸汽量等参数的要求匹配好两者的关系，使其既能满足弹射效率又能达到舰载机起飞所需的蒸汽参数。

关键词: 船用蒸汽蓄热器, 连续充放汽, 蒸发（冷凝）弛豫时间, 数学模型