Realization of microgravity environment by magnetic compensation and study on interior corner flow of magnetic fluid in microgravity

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20200291

Abstract

Abstract:

Due to the effect of surface tension, the process of fluid climbing along the inner wall at a certain angle in the microgravity environment is different from that of normal gravity. To study the physical process of capillary flow in microgravity, this paper uses the magnetic compensation method to set up a normal temperature magnetic fluid microgravity compensation experimental platform, which achieves magnetic compensation of less than 5% non-uniformity longitudinally in the target area. Visualized experimental research on the climb process of water-based magnetic fluid along the interior corner of different materials under the condition of different gravity is performed to verify the influence of contact angle and interior corner angle on the fluid transport capacity in the microgravity environment and to reveal the capillary flow law of the magnetic fluid in the microgravity environment. The results show that when the Concus-Finn condition is satisfied, the liquid surface climbing height and the gravity acceleration are approximately inversely proportional. The smaller the contact angle and interior corner angle, the stronger the fluid transport capacity of the material, especially in a good microgravity environment. When the Concus-Finn condition is not satisfied, the liquid surface climbing height and the acceleration of gravity have a linear relationship, and the impact of changes in contact angle and interior corner angle on the fluid transport capacity is not obvious.

Key words: microgravity, capillary flow, magnetic compensation, water-based magnetic fluid, contact angle, interior corner

摘要：

由于表面张力的作用，流体在微重力环境中沿一定夹角的内角壁面爬升过程与常重力状态不同。为了对微重力内角流动的物理过程进行研究，利用磁补偿方法搭建了常温磁流体微重力补偿实验台，实现了目标区域内纵向小于5%非均匀度的磁补偿微重力环境。并对不同重力条件下水基磁流体沿若干材料内角爬升过程进行了可视化实验研究，探究了微重力环境下流体与材料间的接触角以及内角角度对液体导流性能的影响以及毛细流动规律。结果表明，在满足Concus-Finn条件时，液面爬升高度和重力加速度近似呈反比关系。接触角和内角角度越小，流体输运能力越强，且重力水平越低，越为明显。当不满足Concus-Finn条件时，液面爬升高度和重力加速度近似呈线性关系，接触角和内角角度对流体输运能力的影响并不明显。

关键词: 微重力, 毛细流动, 磁补偿, 水基磁流体, 接触角, 内角

CLC Number:

V 511⁺.6

Yi SHEN, Zeyu ZHANG, Yitao LIANG, Yonghua HUANG, Rui ZHUAN, Liang ZHANG, Shaohua BU. Realization of microgravity environment by magnetic compensation and study on interior corner flow of magnetic fluid in microgravity[J]. CIESC Journal, 2020, 71(8): 3490-3499.

沈逸, 张泽宇, 梁益涛, 黄永华, 耑锐, 张亮, 卜劭华. 磁补偿微重力环境实现及磁流体微重力内角流动研究[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(8): 3490-3499.

Figures/Tables 14

Fig.1 Interior corner structure in a vane storage tank(a)[6] and schematic of interior corner flow(b)

Fig.2 Combined unit of Helmholtz-Maxwell coil

Table 1 Geometry of the coils

参数	外线圈	内线圈
内径/mm	360	140
外径/mm	484	264
厚度/mm	60	55
上下两个线圈间距/mm	220	187

Fig.3 Design sketch and physical figure of experimental setup

Fig.4 Container, position adjuster and testing samples

Table 2 Magnetic field gradient calibration

磁补偿区域内

平均梯度/(T/m)

实测纵向非均匀度/%

I₁/A

I₂/A

Fig.5 Contact angle of water-based magnetic fluid on different material surfaces

Fig.6 Observation results of magnetic fluid climbing along ribbed plates with 90° interior corner angle under different gravity conditions

Fig.7 Fluid climbing height curve of ribbed plates made of three different materials

Fig.8 Variation of fluid climbing height with contact angle under different gravity conditions

Fig.9 Observation of magnetic fluid climbing along ribbed plates with 45° interior corner angle under different gravity conditions

Fig.10 Fluid climbing height on copper ribbed plates with different interior corner angles

Fig.11 Fluid climbing height curves of stainless-steel ribbed plates with different interior corner angles

Fig.12 Variation of fluid climbing height of stainless-steel ribbed plates with different interior corner angles under different gravity

References 30

1	王磊, 厉彦忠, 马原, 等. 液体推进剂在轨加注技术与加注方案[J]. 航空动力学报, 2016, 31(8): 2002-2009.
	Wang L, Li Y Z, Ma Y, et al. On-orbit refilling technologies and schemes of liquid propellant[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2016, 31(8): 2002-2009.
2	Chato D J. Cryogenic technology development for explorations missions[R]. AIAA 2007-0953, NASA / TM-2007-214824, 2007.
3	Doherty M, Joseph G, Salerno L, et al. Cryogenic fluid management technology for moon and mars missions[R]. NASA /TM-2010-216070, AIAA 2009-6532, 2009.
4	张天平. 空间低温流体贮存的压力控制技术进展[J]. 真空与低温, 2006, 12(3): 125-131+141.
	Zhang T P. The progress of pressure control technology of cryogenic liquid storage in space[J]. Vacuum & Cryogen, 2006, 12(3): 125-131+141.
5	Tegart J R, Driscoll S L, Hastings L J. Fluid acquisition and resupply experiments on space shuttle flights STS-53 and STS-57[R]. Alabama, USA: Marshall Space Flight Center, NASA /TP-2011-216465, 2011.
6	Nardin C L, Weislogel M M. Capillary driven flows along differentially wetted interior corners[R]. NASA TM-213799, 2005.
7	Concus P, Finn R. On the behavior of a capillary surface in a wedge[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 1969, 63(2): 292-299.
8	Weislogel M M, Sech L. Capillary flow in an interior corner[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1998, 373: 349-378.
9	Weislogel M M. Capillary flow in cylindrical containers of irregular polygonal section[R]. AIAA 2001-0765, 2000.
10	Weislogel M M. Capillary flow in containers of polygonal section: theory and experiment[R]. NASA/CR-2001-210900, 2001.
11	Weislogel M M. Some analytical tools for fluids management in space: isothermal capillary flows along interior corners[J]. Advances in Space Research, 2003, 32(2): 163-170.
30	Zhang Z Y, Huang Y H, Liang Y T, et al. Impact of magnetic force inhomogeneity on free surface of liquid oxygen under magnetically compensated microgravity[J]. Vacuum & Cryogenics, 2019, 25(6): 372-378.
12	Geoffrey M, Norman R M. Capillary behavior of a perfectly wetting liquid in irregular triangular tubes[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 1991, 141(1): 262-274.
13	Dong M, Chatzis I. The imbibition and flow of a wetting liquid along the corners of a square capillary tube[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 1995, 172(2): 278-288.
14	魏月兴, 陈小前, 黄奕勇. 内角流动及其在卫星贮箱设计中的应用[J]. 中国科学: 技术科学, 2011, 41(9): 1218-1224.
	Wei Y X, Chen X Q, Huang Y Y. Interior corner flow theory and its application to the satellite propellant management device design[J]. Scientia Sinica Techologica, 2011, 41(9): 1218-1224.
15	李京浩, 陈小前, 黄奕勇. 基于内角流动的板式表面张力贮箱内推进剂流动过程研究[J]. 国防科技大学学报, 2012, 34(4): 18-21.
	Li J H, Chen X Q, Huang Y Y. A study of propellant flow in the vane-type surface tension tank based on interior corner flow[J]. Journal of National University of Defense Technology, 2012, 34(4): 18-21.
16	周宏伟, 王林伟, 徐升华, 等. 微重力条件下与容器连通的毛细管中的毛细流动研究[J]. 物理学报, 2015, 64(12): 124703
	Zhou H W, Wang L W, Xu S H, et al. Capillary-driven ﬂow in tubes connected to the containers under microgravity condition[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2015, 64(12): 124703.
17	徐升华, 周宏伟, 王彩霞, 等. 微重力条件下不同截面形状管中毛细流动的实验研究[J]. 物理学报, 2013, 62(13): 134702.
	Xu S H, Zhou H W, Wang C X, et al. Experimental study on the capillary flow in tubes of different shapes under microgravity condition[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2013, 62(13): 134702.
18	Wang C X, Xu S H, Sun Z W, et al. A study of the influence of initial liquid volume on the capillary in interior corner under microgravity[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2010, 53(9/10): 1801-1807.
19	Xu S H, Wang C X, Sun Z W, et al. The capillary flow and reorientation of liquid-gas surface in interior corner under microgravity[J]. Journal of the Japan Society of Microgravity Application, 2007, 24(3): 275-278.
20	Ransohoff T C, Radke C J. Laminar flow of a wetting liquid along the corners of a predominantly gas-occupied noncircular pore[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 1988, 121(2): 392-401.
21	Concus P, Finn R. Dichotomous behavior of capillary surface in zero gravity[J].Microgravity Science and Technology, 1990, 1(3): 87-92.
22	Chen Y K, Weislogel M M, Nardin C L. Capillary-driven flows along rounded interior corners[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2006, 566: 235-271.
23	Chen Y K, Weislogel M M, Bolleddula D A. Capillary flow in cylindrical containers with rounded interior corners[C]//45th AIAA Aerospace Science Meeting and Exhibit. Reno, 2007.
24	李永强, 刘玲. 微重力下变内角毛细驱动流研究[J]. 物理学报, 2014, 63(21): 214704.
	Li Y Q, Liu L. A study of capillary ﬂow in variable interior corners under microgravity[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2014, 63(21): 214704.
25	刘玲. 微重力下扇形内角处的毛细流动研究[D]. 沈阳: 东北大学, 2014.
	Liu L. Study of capillary flow in fan-shaped interior corner under microgravity[D]. Shenyang: Northeastern University, 2014.
26	李永强, 刘玲, 张晨辉, 等. 微重力环境下无限长柱体内角毛细流动解析近似解研究[J]. 物理学报, 2013, 62(2): 024701.
	Li Y Q, Liu L, Zhang C H, et al. Analytical approximations for capillary flow in interior corners of infinite long cylinder under microgravity[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2013, 62(2): 024701.
27	李永强, 张晨辉, 刘玲, 等. 微重力下圆管毛细流动解析近似解研究[J]. 物理学报, 2013, 62(4): 044701.
	Li Y Q, Zhang C H, Liu L, et al. The analytical approximate solutions of capillary flow in circular tubes under microgravity[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2013, 62(4): 044701.
28	宋新昌. 亥姆霍兹线圈及麦克斯韦线圈磁场分布及均匀性比较[J]. 磁性材料及器件, 2016, 47(5): 16-18+77.
	Song X C. Comparison of magnetic field distribution and homogeneity between Helmholtz coil and Maxwell coil[J]. Journal of Magnetic Materials and Devices, 2016, 47(5): 16-18+77.
29	Quettier L, Félice H, Mailfert A, et al. Magnetic compensation of gravity forces in liquid/gas mixtures: surpassing intrinsic limitations of a superconducting magnet by using ferromagnetic inserts[J]. European Physical Journal Applied Physics, 2005, 32(3): 167-175.
30	张泽宇, 黄永华, 梁益涛, 等. 磁场力非均匀度对液氧磁补偿微重力自由界面的影响[J]. 真空与低温, 2019, 25(6): 372-378.

[1]	Min WANG, Jinlan CHENG, Xin LI, Jingjing LU, Chongxin YIN, Hongqi DAI. Delignification mechanism study of acid hydrotropes [J]. CIESC Journal, 2022, 73(5): 2206-2221.
[2]	Chuxin CHANG, Liting XU, Jialun YIN, Xian LUO, Hongwei JIA. Study on low voltage electrowetting behavior under immersion state [J]. CIESC Journal, 2022, 73(4): 1673-1682.
[3]	ZHOU Tong, CHEN Jingjing, TU Chunzhao, JI Xiaoyan, LU Xiaohua, WANG Changsong. Preparation of dopamine super-hydrophobic coating in pipeline [J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(7): 3814-3822.
[4]	Yanpeng WU, Wei ZHAO, Fengjun CHEN. Experimental study on air filtration performance of nanofiber membrane with hydrophilic and hydrophobic function at different relative humidity [J]. CIESC Journal, 2020, 71(S1): 471-478.
[5]	Leigang ZHANG, Bo XU, Juan SHI, Zhenqian CHEN. Experimental study on condensation of FC-72 in narrow rectangular channel with ellipse-shape pin fins in microgravity [J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(S1): 45-53.
[6]	ZHU Jilong, SHI Wanyuan. Marangoni instability phenomena in evaporating sessile droplet at constant contact angle mode [J]. CIESC Journal, 2018, 69(S1): 53-57.
[7]	GAO Ming, KONG Peng, ZHANG Lixin. Character of sessile droplets evaporation on hydrophilic and hydrophobic heating surface with constant heat fluxes [J]. CIESC Journal, 2018, 69(7): 2979-2984.
[8]	QI Chao, SUN Peijie, ZHUAN Rui, WANG Wen. Simulation of vaporization process inside cryogenic liquid oxygen tank for long-term storage in orbit [J]. CIESC Journal, 2016, 67(S2): 58-63.
[9]	TANG Haida, ZHANG Tao, LIU Xiaohua, JIANG Yi. Size of departing condensate droplets from radiant cooling ceiling [J]. CIESC Journal, 2016, 67(9): 3552-3558.
[10]	ZHUANG Dawei, YANG Yifei, HU Haitao, DING Guoliang. Visualization and prediction model on shape of liquid bridge [J]. CIESC Journal, 2016, 67(6): 2224-2229.
[11]	WEI Jinjia, ZHANG Yonghai. Review of enhanced boiling heat transfer over micro-pin-finned surfaces [J]. CIESC Journal, 2016, 67(1): 97-108.
[12]	YU Mingzhi, FAN Xuejing, HU Aijuan. Experimental study and mechanism analysis of liquid morphologies in particle packing porous medium [J]. CIESC Journal, 2015, 66(7): 2450-2455.
[13]	WU Pei, LUO Xuegang, LI Ke, ZHANG Sizhao. Photocatalytic degradation of LDPE film with Fe-Sr₂Bi₂O₅ photocatalyst under UV and visible light irradiation [J]. CIESC Journal, 2015, 66(5): 1939-1946.
[14]	JIANG Guilin, ZHANG Chengwu, GUAN Ning, QIU Delai, LIU Zhigang. Flow characteristics of water in hydrophobic micro cylinders group with different contact angles [J]. CIESC Journal, 2015, 66(5): 1704-1709.
[15]	HUANGFU Jie, LI Qian, LI Jun, LI Chun. Pathway analysis of recombinant Escherichia coli during protein production process under simulated microgravity [J]. CIESC Journal, 2015, 66(12): 4960-4965.