Abstract:

Industrial heating has a wide range of applications and requires a large amount of heat, resulting in high carbon emissions when using gas or electric boilers. High temperature heat pumps play an important role in efficient electricity-heat conversion and energy conservation and carbon reduction. The refrigerant has significant impact on the system performance. Low global warming potential (GWP) refrigerant R600, R601, R601a, R1224yd(Z), R1233zd(E), R1234ze(Z) and R1336mzz(Z) were selected and compared with R245fa. A single-stage heat recovery high temperature heat pump model was established. Based on the system minimum superheat theory, it was compared in terms of safety, energy efficiency, environmental impact and economy. The results show that: with the evaporation temperature is 50℃ and the condensation temperature is 80—130℃, R601, R601a and R1233zd(E) have significant advantages over R245fa. With the condensation temperature is 130℃, coefficient of performance (COP) of R601, R601a and R1233zd(E) is 12.39%, 11.04% and 11.16%, respectively, higher than that of R245fa. While exergy efficiency increased by 10.29%, 9.20%, 9.29% respectively. The total equivalent warming impact (TEWI) decreased by 11.39%, 10.32%, 10.41% respectively. The environmental benefits increased by 46.12%, 41.61% and 42.01% respectively.

Key words: high temperature heat pump, GWP, minimum superheat, performance analysis, simulation, entropy, exergy

摘要：

工业加热场合范围广、需热量大，使用燃气锅炉或电锅炉时碳排放量大。高温热泵对于电-热高效转化、助力节能减碳可以发挥重要作用，热泵工质对系统性能影响重大。选取低GWP工质R600、R601、R601a、R1224yd(Z)、R1233zd(E)、R1234ze(Z)、R1336mzz(Z)，以R245fa为参照物，建立了单级回热高温热泵模型，基于系统最小过热度理论，从安全、能效、环境影响和经济性方面进行对比。结果表明：在蒸发温度50℃、冷凝温度80~130℃时，R601、R601a和R1233zd(E)相较于R245fa优势明显；当冷凝温度为130℃时，与R245fa相比，R601、R601a、R1233zd(E)的性能系数（COP）分别提升12.39%、11.04%、11.16%，㶲效率分别提升10.29%、9.20%、9.29%，综合温室效应值（TEWI）分别降低11.39%、10.32%、10.41%，环境收益分别提升46.12%、41.61%、42.01%。

关键词: 高温热泵, GWP, 最小过热度, 性能分析, 模拟, 熵, ?