Abstract: Biogas projects of large & medium-scale husbandry farms are significant in reducing environmental pollution and getting access to renewable energy. However, they are all generally dependent on government subsidy in China, and their profitability is poor. In this work, we made contrastive analysis on the economy of pig farm biogas projects in China and Germany based on biogas fermentation steady-state model. Biogas fermentation process, generator efficiency and tariff are the key factors that affect economic efficiency. Currently, low electricity tariff [0.42 CNY·(kW·h)^-1] is the root cause for the loss of biogas projects. On the basis of improving the technology of biogas and power generation and reaching the level in Germany, changing the policy of giving construction subsidies without paying attention to operational efficiency to attaching importance to actual emission reduction and increasing tariff to 1.5 CNY·(kW·h)^-1 can shorten the payback period of the project within 3 years, which is of great importance to accelerating the development of biogas industry in China.

Key words: pig manure, biogas project, tariff, economic analysis

摘要： 发展规模化畜禽养殖场的沼气工程对于减少环境污染、获得可再生能源意义重大，但我国沼气工程普遍盈利能力较弱。本文基于沼气发酵稳态模型，对我国与德国万头猪场的沼气工程经济性进行了分析对比。结果表明，沼气发酵工艺、发电机效率以及上网电价是影响沼气工程经济性的关键因素。目前偏低的电价[0.42元·（kW·h）^-1]是导致沼气工程亏损的根本原因。在改善沼气工程和发电技术达到德国工艺水平的基础上，将目前采用的给予建设补贴而不关注运行效果的政策，改为重视实际减排效果，将上网电价提高到1.5元·（kW·h）^-1，可使得项目投资回报期缩短为3年以内，对于加速我国沼气工程行业发展进程具有重要意义。

关键词: 猪粪, 沼气工程, 上网电价, 经济性分析