Abstract: Surface modification of CNTs can improve their surface activity，dispersion ability，and the compatibility between CNTs and base matrix，resulting in reinforcement of composite material. The methods of surface modification of CNTs are classified into physical methods and chemical methods. The physical methods consist of high-energy mechanical polishing method，high-energy ball milling method，and ultrasonic vibration method. The chemical methods consist of acid treatment method，method of coupling agent，electroless plating method，high-energy rays irradiation method，and atom transfer radical polymerization. In practical application，several modification methods can be used in combination to make the performance more stable and achieve more diverse properties. Meanwhile，the applications of modified carbon nanotubes to various composite materials are reviewed. Two focal points in modification of carbon nanotubes are proposed：one is to keep structural integrity of carbon nanotube itself，the second is to improve the dispersion of carbon nanotubes in the matrix.

Key words: carbon nanotube, surface modification, nano-composite

摘要： 对碳纳米管进行表面改性可提高碳纳米管的表面活性、分散能力和与基体材料之间的相容性，从而提高其在复合材料中的增强效果。本文介绍了碳纳米管表面改性的方法，分为物理法和化学法，物理法主要有高能机械研磨法、高能球磨法和超声振动法；化学法主要有酸处理法、偶联剂法、化学镀法、高能射线辐照法和原子转移自由基聚合法。在实际应用中常将几种改性方法联合使用，使得到的改性产物性能更稳定，性质更多样化。同时，介绍了改性后的碳纳米管在各种复合材料中的应用现状。并指出了对碳纳米管进行改性的两个重点：一是尽量保持碳纳米管的本身结构完整性；二是提高碳纳米管在基体中的分散性。

关键词: 碳纳米管, 表面改性, 纳米复合材料