Determination of surface tension via oscillating sessile drop method

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20250018

Abstract

Abstract:

Surface tension is an important physical property parameter of liquid, one of the key factors affecting various chemical reactions and biological reactions, and an essential basic physical property parameter in chemical engineering calculations. The oscillating sessile drop method is a highly precise and sensitive technique for measuring the surface tension of liquids. To discuss the effectiveness and influencing factors in measuring liquid surface tension using the oscillating sessile drops method, distilled water, ethanol and glycol used as experimental objects at 20℃, and stainless-steel needles with different outer diameters used to drop droplets on the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate, the oscillation behaviour of droplets was recorded by high-speed camera, and the frequency spectrum was analyzed. The experimental results show that although the surface tension calculated based on Rayleigh equation is generally higher than that measured by traditional pendant-drop method, there is a linear relationship between oscillation frequency and droplet volume. In addition, the experiment also verified the influence of different image acquisition frame rates on the spectrum analysis results. The research shows that the oscillating sessile drop method is a potential measurement method, especially suitable for measuring the surface tension of metallurgical melt at high temperatures. However, the surface tension calculated by this method is still higher than the standard value, which suggests that the model needs to be further optimized to improve the measurement accuracy.

Key words: oscillation, pendant-drop method, wettability, surface tension

摘要：

表面张力是液体重要的物性参数，是影响各种化学反应和生物反应的关键因素之一，也是化学工程计算中必不可少的基础物性参数。振荡座滴法是一种高精度、高灵敏度地测量液体表面张力的方法。为了探讨基于振荡座滴法测量液体表面张力的有效性和影响因素，本研究在20℃下以蒸馏水、乙醇和乙二醇为实验对象，采用外径不同的不锈钢针头滴落液滴至聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）基板上，通过高速摄像记录液滴的振荡行为，并进行频谱分析。实验结果显示，虽然基于Rayleigh公式计算出的表面张力值普遍高于传统的悬滴法测量值，但振荡频率与液滴体积间存在线性关系。此外，实验还验证了不同图像采集帧率对频谱分析结果的影响。研究表明，振荡座滴法是一种有潜力的测量方法，尤其适用于高温条件下冶金熔体的表面张力测量。然而，目前该方法计算得到的表面张力值仍高于标准值，需要进一步优化模型以提高测量精度。

关键词: 振荡, 悬滴法, 润湿性, 表面张力

CLC Number:

O 647.5

Yuxiang ZHOU, Qiaoli LIN. Determination of surface tension via oscillating sessile drop method[J]. CIESC Journal, 2025, 76(8): 4185-4193.

周玉祥, 林巧力. 基于振荡座滴测定液滴表面张力的方法[J]. 化工学报, 2025, 76(8): 4185-4193.

Figures/Tables 11

References 31

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特征频率/Hz	液滴体积/μl	表面张力/(mN/m)
87.682	9.73	88.083
96.841	9.26	102.256
91.511	9.12	89.929
92.316	10.18	102.155
96.032	10.06	109.242
94.032	9.60	99.950
88.147	9.66	88.379

特征频率/Hz	液滴体积/μl	表面张力/(mN/m)
87.682	9.73	88.083
96.841	9.26	102.256
91.511	9.12	89.929
92.316	10.18	102.155
96.032	10.06	109.242
94.032	9.60	99.950
88.147	9.66	88.379

针头外径/mm	特征频率/Hz	液滴体积/μl	表面张力/(mN/m)
0.45	87.682	9.7302	88.083
0.80	71.753	15.274	92.596
1.26	60.133	22.461	95.635
1.26	63.611	19.620	93.481
4.03	43.262	40.495	89.243

针头外径/mm	特征频率/Hz	液滴体积/μl	表面张力/(mN/m)
0.45	87.682	9.7302	88.083
0.80	71.753	15.274	92.596
1.26	60.133	22.461	95.635
1.26	63.611	19.620	93.481
4.03	43.262	40.495	89.243

采集帧率/（帧/s）	特征频率/Hz	液滴体积/μl	表面张力/(mN/m)
1500	62.271	22.521	102.830
1500	60.065	22.674	96.323
1000	59.851	23.355	98.511
260	56.304	23.058	86.072