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Optimization design and experimental properties of high-temperature and high-capacity pulse tube cooler
Weifeng DENG, Zhenhua JIANG, Shaoshuai LIU, Ankuo ZHANG, Yinong WU
CIESC Journal    2019, 70 (1): 107-115.   DOI: 10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20180307
Abstract   (392 HTML6 PDF(pc) (821KB)(101)  

A high-capacity pulse tube cooler (PTC) with nominal cooling of 50 W/170 K is presented in this paper. It is driven by an opposed-piston dynamic magnetic linear compressor. The regenerator and pulse tube are arranged in coaxial. The inertance tube and reservoir are used as passive phase shifter of the PTC. Based on the principle of electrical-mechanical-acoustic coupling field, a dynamic model of the PTC is proposed and transient simulation was conducted on the characteristics of the compressor under load. The mass-spring system of the compressor is improved to make the PTC resonant. The mass of the PTC is less than 12 kg without electric control equipment. A performance of 50 W/170 K is achieved with 230 W electrical power while the motor efficiency and related Carnot efficiency are 92.7% and 16.5% respectively. The specific power (electrical power/cooling power) is less than 5 W/W at the temperature range of 150—200 K. Under the rated input power, the maximum cooling power reaches 90 W@200 K. The PTC can be used for space to cool down giant Infrared Focal Plane Array (IRFPA) and provide an alternative to domestic refrigerator as cold source at the temperature range of -60—-20℃ as well.


Fig.16 Percentage of PCu and all the other losses versus cooling power respectively
Extracts from the Article
图15所示为冷头温度170 K时,制冷机在不同制冷量下的电声效率变化曲线,当制冷量增大时,效率随着下降,在50 W/170 K制冷性能下制冷机的电声效率为72.3%。相应地,在不同制冷量下铜损耗与其他损耗的占比如图16所示,可以看到,制冷量变化时,铜损耗所占比例基本不变,其他损耗(铁芯损耗、摩阻损耗以及气体工质压缩膨胀引起的不可逆损耗)比例随着制冷量的增大而增大,在50 W/170 K制冷性能下铜损耗占比7%,而其他损耗占比20.7%。对压缩机磁路结构进行优化,提高装配工艺精度和改进压缩机进排气孔结构能够进一步降低压缩机损耗,从而提高制冷机的电声效率。
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