硅胶嵌入多孔纸基对苯蒸气吸附性能

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20180746

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

苯蒸气作为一种典型的有害VOC污染物，研究对其的高效净化处理具有重要意义。纸基材料是一种密度小、孔隙率高、机械强度高的多孔材料，分析以木浆纤维纸、陶瓷纤维纸作为多孔基材，通过多次硅溶胶浸泡的方法制得硅胶嵌入多孔纸基吸附材料样片。通过扫描电镜SEM研究两种纸基材料表面的形貌及结构，采用重量法蒸气吸附仪对不同上胶次数的两种基材样片进行吸附性能测试。测试结果表明：木浆纤维纸和陶瓷纤维纸6次上胶率高达3.38 g/g和8.66 g/g; 0.1分压苯蒸气下30 min样片吸附量即可达到最大吸附量的80%；两种硅胶嵌入多孔纸基样片吸附容量在0.8分压苯蒸气下均超过100 mg/g；在4次上胶时样片表现出最佳的苯蒸气吸附性能。此外，通过对实验结果进行分段拟合得到吸附特征曲线。

关键词: 苯, 二氧化硅, 多孔材料, 吸附剂, 动态吸附, 吸附等温线

Abstract:

As a typical harmful VOC pollutant, benzene vapor is of great significance for its efficient purification treatment. Benzene vapor is a typical contaminant of VOCs which is the culprit of various diseases, so it is very meaningful to research how to purify the benzene vapor efficiently. Paper material is a kind of porous material with low density, high porosity and high mechanical strength. In this paper, two different kinds of paper, WFP (wood fiber paper) and CFP (ceramic fiber paper), are used as the porous substrates. Paper based silica gel adsorbent was made by gluing repeatedly, immersing the paper porous substrate in JN-30 silica sol and then drying them in oven several times. The surface morphology and structure of two kinds of paper materials were observed by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The adsorption properties of the samples which are made from WFP and CPF are tested by using the multi station absorption apparatus. The results show that the two porous substrates are of strong adhesive ability of silica, and the silica adhesive rate of the WFP and CFP reaches 3.38 g/g and 8.66 g/g after 6 times gluing. With the increase of gluing times, the silica adhesive rate of both materials is increasing, but after the gluing times reaches 4 times, growth of silica adhesive rate becomes significantly lower. The adsorption performance test results show the strong adsorption ability of the paper-based silica adsorbents on benzene vapor, both a good adsorption rate and adsorption capacity: it takes less than 30 min to achieve 80% of maximum adsorption capacity under 0.1 benzene vapor partial pressure, and the maximum adsorption capacity reaches 100 mg/g under 0.8 benzene vapor partial pressure. With the increase of the gluing times, the paper-based silica gel adsorbents’ adsorption capacity of benzene vapor first rises and then drop. In addition, the dynamic adsorption model of the paper-based silica gel adsorbents was fitted by the piecewise dynamic adsorption model. It was found that the dynamic adsorption process under the low pressure was divided into 2 stages: the early stage and later stage. In the early stage of adsorption, the adsorption capacity of materials is strong and adsorption quantity increases rapidly; in the later stage of adsorption, adsorption quantity increases much slower and gradually reaches saturation. By comparing isothermal adsorption curves of two different paper-based silica gel adsorbents, it can be found that, with the increase of gluing times, adsorption capacity of the WFP based silica gel adsorbents increases first and then decreases and it reaches the maximum at 4 times gluing. In contrast, the isothermal adsorption ability of CFP based silica gel adsorbents is basically unchanged after 4 times of gluing. Based on the fitting study of the adsorption isotherm with the Langmuir equation and the D-R equation, it was found that the adsorption isotherm was also divided into 2 parts: the low-pressure area and the high-pressure area. In addition, the adsorption characteristic curve is obtained by segmentation fitting the experimental results.

Key words: benzene, silica, porous material, adsorbents, kinetic adsorption, adsorption isotherm

中图分类号:

X 131.1

李龙, 葛天舒, 吴宣楠, 代彦军. 硅胶嵌入多孔纸基对苯蒸气吸附性能[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(3): 951-959.

Long LI, Tianshu GE, Xuannan WU, Yanjun DAI. Adsorption properties of paper based silica gel adsorbents for benzene vapor[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(3): 951-959.

图/表 18

表1 多孔基材的物性参数

Table 1 Physical parameters of porous materials

Sample

Thickness/

Density/

(g/cm³)

Thermal conductivity/ (W/(m·K))

表2 硅溶胶的技术指标

Type	SiO₂/%(mass)	Na₂O/%(mass)	pH	Viscosity/(mPa·s)	Particle size/nm
JN-30	30.0—31.0	0.3	8.5—10.0	7.0	8—15

表3 吸附性能测试条件

Table 3 Test conditions of adsorption properties

Adsorbate

True density/

(g/cm³)

Saturated vapor pressure/

kPa

Water bath temperature/℃

图1 两种基材表面形貌SEM图(放大500倍)

Fig.1 SEM images of surface morphology of two different substrate materials (magnification of 500 times)

图2 两种基材表面SEM图（放大倍数30000）

Fig.2 SEM images of surface morphology of two different substrate materials (magnification of 30000 times)

图3 多孔基材的孔径分布

Fig.3 Pore diameter distribution of porous substrate materials

表4 基材孔结构测试结果

Table 4 Test results of structure parameters of porous substrate materials

Sample

Pore volume/

(cm³/g)

Total hole area/(m²/g)

True density/

(g/cm³)

图4 两种基材的上胶率随上胶次数变化

Fig.4 Gluing rate of two different kinds of substrate materials vs gluing time

图5 木浆纤维纸基吸附材料动态吸附曲线

Fig.5 Kinetic adsorption curves of WFP based adsorption material

图6 陶瓷纤维纸基吸附材料动态吸附曲线

Fig.6 Kinetics adsorption curves of CFP based adsorption material

图7 木浆纤维纸基吸附材料动态吸附曲线拟合结果

Fig.7 Fitting curves of kinetic adsorption curves of WFP based adsorption material

图8 陶瓷纤维纸基吸附材料动态吸附曲线拟合结果

Fig.8 Fitting curves of kinetic adsorption curves of CFP based adsorption material

表5 动态吸附线拟合参数

Table 5 Fitting parameters of kinetic adsorption curves

Sample	Early stage equation				Later stage equation
Sample	v₁/(mg/g)	m	R²	t₁/min	n	k	R²
A1	14.315	1.19701	0.9229	42.1	1.17275	9.68942	0.9776
A2	17.118	1.45646	0.8914	52.4	1.28576	12.08032	0.9805
A3	17.618	1.4991	0.895	59.6	1.21482	12.91667	0.9754
A4	20.441	1.81427	0.9853	66.9	1.13066	16.02921	0.9754
A5	20.167	0.93569	0.9711	74.7	0.01898	20.03755	0.8666
A6	19.712	0.93072	0.866	79..2	0.01838	19.77236	0.8371
T1	23.075	1.06781	0.8163	74.5	0.05209	22.80736	0.8945
T2	24.279	1.09597	0.8074	83.5	0.05903	24.00063	0.8251
T3	25.176	1.18687	0.8602	90.3	0.07832	24.82193	0.8268
T4	25.267	1.21666	0.8648	93.3	0.04138	25.06299	0.8191
T5	25.212	1.22734	0.8654	97.9	0.07277	24.85201	0.8421
T6	24.888	1.19919	0.861	101.2	0.01319	24.81754	0.8245

图9 木浆纤维纸基吸附材料等温吸附线

Fig.9 Isothermal absorption curves of WFP based adsorption material

图10 陶瓷纤维纸基吸附材料等温吸附线

Fig.10 Isothermal absorption curves of CFP based adsorption material

图11 木浆纤维纸基吸附材料等温吸附线拟合结果

Fig.11 Fitting curves of isothermal adsorption curves of WFP based adsorption material

图12 陶瓷纤维纸基吸附材料等温吸附线拟合结果

Fig.12 Fitting curves of isothermal adsorption curves of CFP based adsorption material

表6 等温吸附线拟合参数

Table 6 Fitting parameters of isothermal adsorption curves

Sample	Langmuir equation			D-R equation
Sample	a/(cm³/g)	b	R²	D	W₀/cm³	R²
A1	2.44×10⁶	5.95×10^-5	0.99544	0.19521	80.7355	0.97907
A2	4.01×10⁶	4.36×10^-5	0.99325	0.22425	99.3891	0.98431
A3	4.70×10⁶	4.46×10^-5	0.99378	0.24913	104.1282	0.98973
A4	3.65×10⁶	5.32×10^-5	0.9939	0.26003	112.1279	0.99066
A5	4.66×10⁶	4.00×10^-5	0.99163	0.25665	107.2432	0.99044
A6	4.53×10⁶	4.02×10^-5	0.99224	0.28973	106.6401	0.99271
T1	8.46×10⁴	2.45×10^-3	0.99241	0.19925	118.9676	0.98546
T2	9.31×10⁴	2.45×10^-3	0.99229	0.19233	126.1341	0.97969
T3	9.78×10⁴	2.41×10^-3	0.99245	0.19063	130.7887	0.96914
T4	7.69×10⁴	3.06×10^-3	0.99327	0.17209	128.0655	0.97664
T5	1.02×10⁵	2.32×10^-3	0.99204	0.18341	130.7828	0.97265
T6	1.12×10⁶	2.08×10^-3	0.99126	0.20232	131.5274	0.96795

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