泡沫金属亲疏水性对T型小通道气液两相流相分离特性影响研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20190481

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

小通道填充泡沫金属成为近几年强化换热方向的研究热点。以空气和水为工作介质，将PPI为10和20的泡沫金属分别填充到截面为2.5 mm×2.5 mm的T型小通道内，改变泡沫金属的亲疏水性，分别研究弹状流和环状流下气液两相表观流速及亲疏水性对相分离的影响机制。比较亲水、疏水处理及未处理这三种泡沫金属的分离特性发现：无论是弹状流还是环状流，分离效果最好的是亲水处理后的泡沫金属，其次是未经处理的泡沫金属，而进行疏水处理后的分离效果最差，填充泡沫金属的T型通道相分离效果要明显好于未填充的通道。对于亲疏水处理过的T型通道，无论是弹状流还是环状流，T型小通道内侧支管气相采出分率占优，液相采出分率随着液体表观速度的增加而降低，但气相表观速度对液相采出分率影响很小。而泡沫金属PPI的减小会降低气相采出分率，使分配效果更加趋近于均匀分布线。

关键词: T型小通道, 流型, 相分离, 泡沫金属, 亲疏水性

Abstract:

Filling foam metal with small channels has become a research hotspot in the direction of heat transfer in recent years. Use air and water as working medium, the foam metal with PPI of 10 and 20 is filled into a T-shaped small channel with a cross section of 2.5 mm × 2.5 mm respectively. Change the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of metal foam, then study the influence mechanism of gas-liquid two-phase superficial velocity and hydrophilicity as well as hydrophobicity on phase separation under the action of slug flow and annular flow. The separation characteristics of three foamed metals treated with hydrophilic treatment, hydrophobic treatment and untreated were compared: whether it is a slug flow or an annular flow, the best separation effect is the hydrophilic treated foam metal, then the untreated foam metal, and the hydrophobic treatment foam metal get the worst effect, phase separation effect of T-channels filled with metal foam is significantly better than unfilled channels. For hydrophilic treated and hydrophobic treated T-channels, whether it is a slug flow or an annular flow, the gas phase recovery fraction of the inner branch of the T-shaped small channel is dominant, the liquid phase recovery fraction decreases with the increase of superficial velocity of the liquid, but the superficial velocity of gas phase has little effect on the liquid fraction. However, the reduction of the foam metal PPI will reduce the gas phase recovery fraction, which makes the distribution effect closer to the uniform distribution line.

Key words: T-junction, flow pattern, phase splitting, metal foam, hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity

中图分类号:

TQ 051.5

李洪伟, 魏国宝, 王亚成, 付东威. 泡沫金属亲疏水性对T型小通道气液两相流相分离特性影响研究[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(11): 4216-4230.

Hongwei LI, Guobao WEI, Yacheng WANG, Dongwei FU. Investigation on effect of hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of metal foam on phase separation characteristics of gas-liquid two-phase flow in T-junction[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(11): 4216-4230.

图/表 25

图1 实验系统

Fig.1 Experimental system

表1 仪器参数

Table 1 Instrument parameter

仪器名称	仪器型号	参数
微型水泵	NP039	入口真空度为-0.85×10⁵ Pa，进出口压差为20×10⁵ Pa，工作转速为100~4000 r/min，耐温-40~150℃
微型气泵	HC1.30DC	电压24 V，气液通用，最大真空38 kPa，压头 >15 m
电子天平	FA2004A	测量范围0~200 g，精度0.1 mg
气体质量流量计	MF 4008	最大流量50 SLPM，精度±（1.5+0.2FS），显示分辨率0.01SLPM，响应时间10 ms
高速摄像机	Photron FASTCAM Mini UX100	分辨率1280×1024，最大帧频4000 帧/秒

图2 T型小通道结构

Fig.2 Structure of small- T- junction

图3 泡沫金属

Fig.3 Metal foam

图4 亲水性表面接触角

Fig.4 Static contact angle of hydrophilic surface

图5 疏水性表面接触角

Fig.5 Static contact angle of hydrophobic surface

图6 流型图片及示意图（PPI=10）

Fig.6 Picture and schematic diagram of flow (PPI = 10)

图7 不同PPI流型图

Fig.7 Flow pattern map with different PPI (pores per inch)

图8 不同PPI流型分界线对比

Fig.8 Comparison of flow pattern transition criteria between different PPI(pores per inch)

图9 表面能转化过程

Fig.9 Surface energy conversion process

图10 气泡受力分析

Fig.10 Force analysis of bubbles

图11 弹状流和环状流的不同PPI对相分离的影响

Fig.11 Effect of different PPI on phase separation of slug and annular flow

图12 液相表观速度对环状流相分离的影响

Fig.12 Effect of superficial liquid velocity on phase split under annular flow

图13 气相表观速度对环状流相分离的影响

Fig.13 Effect of superficial gas velocity on phase separation of annular flow

图14 环状流相分配特性对比

Fig.14 Comparison of phase split characteristics of annular flow

图15 液相表观速度对弹状流相分离的影响

Fig.15 Effect of liquid superficial velocity on phase split under slug flow

图16 气相表观速度对弹状流相分离的影响

Fig.16 Effect of superficial gas velocity on phase split under slug flow

图17 弹状流相分配特性对比

Fig.17 Comparison of phase split characteristics of slug flow

图18 液相表观速度对环状流相分离的影响

Fig.18 Effect of superficial liquid velocity on phase split under annular flow

图19 气相表观速度对环状流相分离的影响

Fig.19 Effect of superficial gas velocity on phase split under annular flow

图20 环状流相分配特性对比

Fig.20 Comparison of phase split characteristics of annular flow

图21 疏水处理后液相表观速度对弹状流相分离的影响

Fig.21 Effect of superficial liquid velocity on phase split under slug flow after hydrophobic treatment

图22 疏水处理后气相表观速度对弹状流相分离的影响

Fig.22 Effect of superficial gas velocity on phase split under slug flow after hydrophobic treatment

图23 疏水处理后弹状流相分配特性对比

Fig.23 Comparison of phase split characteristics of slug flow after hydrophobic treatment

图24 泡沫金属亲疏水性相分离效果对比

Fig.24 Comparison of phase split characteristics of mental foam after treatment

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