正弦型微通道内液-液两相流型及流动特性实验研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20211013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用实验的方法对不混溶的液液两相流体在不同入口结构下的正弦微通道(直通道正弦、波峰正弦和波中正弦)内液滴的流动特性进行了分析。硅油作为离散相，含有0.5% SDS的蒸馏水作为连续相，观测到弹状流、滴状流和射状流。分析了两相流动参数及不同的微通道入口结构对流型和液滴长度的影响。流型受微通道入口结构影响较大，波峰正弦微通道能够生成最大范围的稳定的流型。液滴长度随离散相体积流量和离散相与连续相体积流量之比的增大而增大，随连续相的体积流量和毛细数的增大而降低。微通道入口结构对液滴长度有影响，直通道的正弦微通道内液滴长度最短，更有利于液滴的形成。三种通道生成的液滴中，最大的液滴尺寸是最小的液滴尺寸的1.15~1.39倍，但正弦流动段对液滴速度几乎没有影响。

关键词: 微通道, 两相流, 入口结构, 流型, 毛细数

Abstract:

Experimental methods are used to analyze the flow characteristics of droplets of immiscible liquid-liquid two-phase fluid in sinusoidal microchannels with different inlet structures, including straight channel sine, wave crest sine, and the middle of the wave. Silicone oil is used as the dispersed phase, and distilled water containing 0.5% SDS is used as the continuous phase. Slug, droplet and jet flow are observed in the experiments. Effects of two-phase flow parameters and different microchannel inlet structures on the flow pattern and droplet length are analyzed. The flow pattern is greatly affected by the microchannel inlet structure, and the wave crest sinusoidal microchannel can generate the largest range of stable flow patterns than the other two channels. The droplet length increases with the increase of the volume flow rate of the dispersed phase and the ratio of the volume flow rate of the dispersed phase to that of the continuous phase, and decreases with the increase of the volume flow rate of the continuous phase and the capillary number. The inlet structure of the microchannel has influence on the length of the droplet. The length of the droplet in the sinusoidal microchannel with a straight channel inlet is the shortest, which is more conducive to the formation of droplets. Among the droplets generated by the three channels, the largest droplet size is 1.15-1.39 times larger than the smallest droplet size. The sinusoidal structure of the microchannel has almost no effect on the droplet velocity compared with the straight channel.

Key words: microchannels, two-phase flow, inlet structure, flow pattern, capillary number

中图分类号:

TK 124

张井志, 赵玉婷, 王英迪, 齐建荟, 雷丽. 正弦型微通道内液-液两相流型及流动特性实验研究[J]. 化工学报, 2022, 73(3): 1111-1118.

Jingzhi ZHANG, Yuting ZHAO, Yingdi WANG, Jianhui QI, Li LEI. Experimental study on liquid-liquid two-phase flow pattern and flow characteristics in sinusoidal microchannels[J]. CIESC Journal, 2022, 73(3): 1111-1118.

图/表 8

图1 实验系统及微通道示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of experimental system and microchannel

表1 流体物性

Table 1 Fluid properties

流体系统		μ/(Pa·s)	ρ/(kg/m³)	γ/(N/m)
连续相	0.5% (mass) SDS	0.00135	971.53	—
离散相	silicone oil	0.01	901.4	0.0118

图2 液滴形成过程

Fig.2 Droplet formation process

图3 直通道正弦微通道内实验工况的流型图及流型转变线

Fig.3 Flow pattern and flow pattern transition line of experimental conditions in a straight channel sinusoidal microchannel

图4 不同入口结构的流型转变线

Fig.4 Flow pattern transition lines of different inlet structures

图5 两相流动参数对液滴长度的影响规律

Fig.5 The influence of two-phase flow parameters on the length of droplets

图6 微通道入口结构对液滴长度的影响

Fig.6 The influence of microchannel inlet structure on droplet length

图7 微通道流动段结构对液滴速度的影响

Fig.7 The influence of flow section structure of microchannel on droplet velocity

参考文献 37

1	Ganapathy H, Shooshtari A, Dessiatoun S, et al. Fluid flow and mass transfer characteristics of enhanced CO₂ capture in a minichannel reactor[J]. Applied Energy, 2014, 119: 43-56.
2	Peng B, Xu J, Zhu J, et al. Numerical and experimental studies on the flow multiplicity phenomenon for gas-solids two-phase flows in CFB risers[J]. Powder Technology, 2011, 214(2): 177-187.
3	Zhang J Z, Li W. Investigation of hydrodynamic and heat transfer characteristics of gas-liquid Taylor flow in vertical capillaries[J]. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 2016, 74: 1-10.
4	Gu H, Duits M H, Mugele F. Droplets formation and merging in two-phase flow microfluidics[J]. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2011, 12(4): 2572-2597.
5	Kobayashi I, Neves M A, Wada Y, et al. Large microchannel emulsification device for mass producing uniformly sized droplets on a liter per hour scale[J]. Green Processing and Synthesis, 2012, 1(4): 353-362.
6	Zhou C, Zhu P, Tian Y, et al. Microfluidic generation of aqueous two-phase-system (ATPS) droplets by oil-droplet choppers[J]. Lab on a Chip, 2017, 17(19): 3310-3317.
7	Dittrich P S, Manz A. Lab-on-a-chip: microfluidics in drug discovery[J]. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 2006, 5(3): 210-218.
8	Bhise N S, Ribas J, Manoharan V, et al. Organ-on-a-chip platforms for studying drug delivery systems[J]. Journal of Controlled Release, 2014, 190: 82-93.
9	Ozcelikkale A, Moon H R, Linnes M, et al. In vitro microfluidic models of tumor microenvironment to screen transport of drugs and nanoparticles[J]. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology, 2017, 9(5): e1460.
10	赵述芳, 白琳, 付宇航, 等. 液滴流微反应器的基础研究及其应用[J]. 化工进展, 2015, 34(3): 593-607, 616.
	Zhao S F, Bai L, Fu Y H, et al. Fundamental research and applications of droplet-based microreactor[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2015, 34(3): 593-607, 616.
11	付涛涛, 徐子懿, Tahir Muhammad Faran, 等. 微通道内液滴/气泡破裂动力学分析[J]. 化工学报, 2018, 69(11): 4566-4576.
	Fu T T, Xu Z Y, Faran T, et al. Progress in breakup dynamics of droplets and bubbles in microchannels[J]. CIESC Journal, 2018, 69(11): 4566-4576.
12	Ushikubo F Y, Birribilli F S, Oliveira D R B, et al. Y- and T-junction microfluidic devices: effect of fluids and interface properties and operating conditions[J]. Microfluidics and Nanofluidics, 2014, 17(4): 711-720.
13	Qian D Y, Lawal A. Numerical study on gas and liquid slugs for Taylor flow in a T-junction microchannel[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2006, 61(23): 7609-7625.
14	Xu J H, Li S W, Tan J, et al. Preparation of highly monodisperse droplet in a T-junction microfluidic device[J]. AIChE Journal, 2006, 52(9): 3005-3010.
15	Li X, Popel A S, Karniadakis G E. Blood-plasma separation in Y-shaped bifurcating microfluidic channels: a dissipative particle dynamics simulation study[J]. Physical Biology, 2012, 9(2): 026010.
16	Li Y L, Zhang F L, Sunden B, et al. Laminar thermal performance of microchannel heat sinks with constructal vertical Y-shaped bifurcation plates[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2014, 73(1): 185-195.
17	Chang M H, Chen F L, Fang N S. Analysis of membraneless fuel cell using laminar flow in a Y-shaped microchannel[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2006, 159(2): 810-816.
18	Anna S L, Mayer H C. Microscale tipstreaming in a microfluidic flow focusing device[J]. Physics of Fluids, 2006, 18(12): 121512.
19	丁奕文, 刘向东, 张程宾. 十字型微通道中乳液流变行为的数值模拟[J]. 化工进展, 2017, 36(S1): 43-50.
	Ding Y W, Liu X D, Zhang C B. Numerical simulation of emulsion droplet formation in cross-junction microfluidic channels[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2017, 36(S1): 43-50.
20	张沁丹, 付涛涛, 朱春英, 等. 十字聚焦型微通道内弹状液滴在黏弹性流体中的生成与尺寸预测[J]. 化工学报, 2016, 67(2): 504-511.
	Zhang Q D, Fu T T, Zhu C Y, et al. Formation and size prediction of slug droplet in viscoelastic fluid in flow-focusing microchannel[J]. CIESC Journal, 2016, 67(2): 504-511.
21	Garstecki P, Fuerstman M J, Stone H A, et al. Formation of droplets and bubbles in a microfluidic T-junction-scaling and mechanism of break-up[J]. Lab on a Chip, 2006, 6(3): 437-446.
22	Zhao Y C, Chen G W, Yuan Q. Liquid-liquid two-phase flow patterns in a rectangular microchannel[J]. AIChE Journal, 2006, 52(12): 4052-4060.
23	党敏辉, 任明月, 陈光文. 微反应器内入口结构对Taylor气泡形成过程的影响[J]. 化工学报, 2014, 65(3): 805-812.
	Dang M H, Ren M Y, Chen G W. Effect of microchannel inlet configuration on Taylor bubble formation in microreactors[J]. CIESC Journal, 2014, 65(3): 805-812.
24	Yu Z, Hemminger O, Fan L S. Experiment and lattice Boltzmann simulation of two-phase gas-liquid flows in microchannels[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2007, 62(24): 7172-7183.
25	Kashid M, Kiwi-Minsker L. Quantitative prediction of flow patterns in liquid-liquid flow in micro-capillaries[J]. Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification, 2011, 50(10): 972-978.
26	Ngo I L, Woo Joo S, Byon C. Effects of junction angle and viscosity ratio on droplet formation in microfluidic cross-junction[J]. Journal of Fluids Engineering, 2016, 138(5): 051202.
27	Lee W, Walker L M, Anna S L. Competition between viscoelasticity and surfactant dynamics in flow focusing microfluidics[J]. Macromolecular Materials and Engineering, 2011, 296(3/4): 203-213.
28	Sarkar P S, Singh K K, Shenoy K T, et al. Liquid–liquid two-phase flow patterns in a serpentine microchannel[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2012, 51(13): 5056-5066.
29	Wu Z, Cao Z, Sundén B. Liquid-liquid flow patterns and slug hydrodynamics in square microchannels of cross-shaped junctions[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2017, 174: 56-66.
30	Cao Z, Wu Z, Sundén B. Dimensionless analysis on liquid-liquid flow patterns and scaling law on slug hydrodynamics in cross-junction microchannels[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2018, 344: 604-615.
31	Guillot P, Colin A. Stability of parallel flows in a microchannel after a T junction[J]. Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics, 2005, 72(6 pt 2): 066301.
32	Zhao Y C, Chen G W, Yuan Q. Liquid-liquid two-phase mass transfer in the T-junction microchannels[J]. AIChE Journal, 2007, 53(12): 3042-3053.
33	雷丽, 李慧玲, 赵玉婷, 等. 凹穴型微通道液-液两相流动特性[J]. 高校化学工程学报, 2020, 34(6): 1360-1367.
	Lei L, Li H L, Zhao Y T, et al. Characteristics of liquid-liquid two-phase flow in microchannels with reentrant cavities[J]. Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities, 2020, 34(6): 1360-1367.
34	Yin Y R, Zhu C Y, Fu T T, et al. Enhancement effect and mechanism of gas-liquid mass transfer by baffles embedded in the microchannel[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2019, 201: 264-273.
35	Huang H X, Wu H Y, Zhang C. An experimental study on flow friction and heat transfer of water in sinusoidal wavy silicon microchannels[J]. Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, 2018, 28(5): 055003.
36	de Menech M, Garstecki P, Jousse F, et al. Transition from squeezing to dripping in a microfluidic T-shaped junction[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2008, 595: 141-161.
37	Gupta A, Kumar R. Effect of geometry on droplet formation in the squeezing regime in a microfluidic T-junction[J]. Microfluidics and Nanofluidics, 2010, 8(6): 799-812.

[1]	肖明堃, 杨光, 黄永华, 吴静怡. 浸没孔液氧气泡动力学数值研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(S1): 87-95.
[2]	周绍华, 詹飞龙, 丁国良, 张浩, 邵艳坡, 刘艳涛, 郜哲明. 短管节流阀内流动噪声的实验研究及降噪措施[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(S1): 113-121.
[3]	江河, 袁俊飞, 王林, 邢谷雨. 均流腔结构对微细通道内相变流动特性影响的实验研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(S1): 235-244.
[4]	温凯杰, 郭力, 夏诏杰, 陈建华. 一种耦合CFD与深度学习的气固快速模拟方法[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(9): 3775-3785.
[5]	王玉兵, 李杰, 詹宏波, 朱光亚, 张大林. R134a在菱形离散肋微小通道内的流动沸腾换热实验研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(9): 3797-3806.
[6]	何松, 刘乔迈, 谢广烁, 王斯民, 肖娟. 高浓度水煤浆管道气膜减阻两相流模拟及代理辅助优化[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(9): 3766-3774.
[7]	袁佳琦, 刘政, 黄锐, 张乐福, 贺登辉. 泡状入流条件下旋流泵能量转换特性研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(9): 3807-3820.
[8]	刘文竹, 云和明, 王宝雪, 胡明哲, 仲崇龙. 基于场协同和耗散的微通道拓扑优化研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(8): 3329-3341.
[9]	邢雷, 苗春雨, 蒋明虎, 赵立新, 李新亚. 井下微型气液旋流分离器优化设计与性能分析[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(8): 3394-3406.
[10]	高燕, 伍鹏, 尚超, 胡泽君, 陈晓东. 基于双流体喷嘴的磁性琼脂糖微球的制备及其蛋白吸附性能探究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(8): 3457-3471.
[11]	郭雨莹, 敬加强, 黄婉妮, 张平, 孙杰, 朱宇, 冯君炫, 陆洪江. 稠油管道水润滑减阻及压降预测模型修正[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(7): 2898-2907.
[12]	高金明, 郭玉娇, 鄂承林, 卢春喜. 一种封闭罩内顺流多旋臂气液分离器的分离特性研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(7): 2957-2966.
[13]	何宣志, 何永清, 闻桂叶, 焦凤. 磁液液滴颈部自相似破裂行为[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(7): 2889-2897.
[14]	牛超, 沈胜强, 杨艳, 潘泊年, 李熠桥. 甲烷BOG喷射器流动过程计算与性能分析[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(7): 2858-2868.
[15]	江锦波, 彭新, 许文烜, 门日秀, 刘畅, 彭旭东. 泵出型螺旋槽油气密封泄漏特性及参数影响研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(6): 2538-2554.