静电纺丝纳米纤维双疏膜油性细颗粒物过滤性能实验分析

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20230013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

油性细颗粒物污染正日益成为影响我国空气质量的重要问题，引起研究者们广泛关注。原料选取聚丙烯腈（PAN）、聚氨酯（PU）与含氟聚氨酯（FPU），溶剂选择N，N-二甲基甲酰胺（DMF），利用静电纺丝技术，改变含氟聚氨酯的含量，制备得到具有疏油疏水双疏性能的纳米纤维膜。纳米纤维膜的水接触角达到153.24°，油接触角达到132.45°。搭建空气过滤性能测试装置，测试纳米纤维膜对于常规颗粒物以及油性颗粒物的过滤效率，结果表明均达到98.7%以上。最后，考察纳米纤维双疏膜的过滤耐久性，通过测试其过滤效率的变化，发现纳米纤维膜具有一定的过滤耐久性。

关键词: 静电纺丝, 纳米纤维膜, 双疏性能, 过滤

Abstract:

The pollution of oily fine particles has increasingly become an important issue in the field of air quality research in China, which has aroused widespread concern. Polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyurethane (PU) and fluorine-containing polyurethane (FPU) were selected as raw materials, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) was selected as solvent, and the content of fluorine-containing polyurethane was changed by using electrostatic spinning technology to prepare oleophobic and hydrophobic properties of nanofiber membrane. The water contact angle and oil contact angle of the nanofiber membrane reached 153.24° and 132.45° respectively. Set up an air filtration performance test device to test the filtration efficiency of the nanofiber membrane for conventional particles and oily particles. The results show that they were all above 98.7%. Finally, the filtration durability of the nanofiber bicophobic membrane was investigated. By testing the change of its filtration efficiency, it was found that the nanofiber membrane had certain filtration durability.

Key words: electrospinning, nanofiber membrane, amphiphobic, filter

中图分类号:

TQ 340.64

吴延鹏, 李晓宇, 钟乔洋. 静电纺丝纳米纤维双疏膜油性细颗粒物过滤性能实验分析[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(S1): 259-264.

Yanpeng WU, Xiaoyu LI, Qiaoyang ZHONG. Experimental analysis on filtration performance of electrospun nanofibers with amphiphobic membrane of oily fine particles[J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(S1): 259-264.

图/表 7

图1 静电纺丝过程

Fig.1 Electrospinning process

图2 油性细颗粒物过滤实验装置示意图1—大气尘；2—洁净空气；3—亚克力板直管段；4—光学粒子计数器；5—待测过滤膜；6—热线风速仪；7—真空泵

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of filtration experimental device

图3 纳米纤维膜接触角

Fig.3 Contact angle of nanofiber membrane

图4 纳米纤维膜对不同粒径的常规颗粒物的过滤效率

Fig.4 Filtration efficiency of nanofiber membrane for conventional particles with different particle sizes

图5 纳米纤维膜对不同粒径的油性颗粒物的过滤效率

Fig.5 Filtration efficiency of nanofiber membrane for oily particles with different particle sizes

图6 纳米纤维膜对不同颗粒物的过滤效率

Fig.6 Filtration efficiency of nanofiber membrane for different particles

图7 纳米纤维膜连续过滤1 h前后过滤效率

Fig.7 Filtration efficiency of nanofiber membrane after continuous filtration for 1 h

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