气固流化床介尺度结构形成机制及过滤曳力模型研究进展

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20220050

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

气固流化床中，介于颗粒与宏观尺度间的复杂的时空多尺度结构（介尺度结构）将完全改变气固相间作用规律，加大了流态化系统调控及预测的难度。为此，需要构建考虑结构影响的相间本构关系。其中，曳力作为影响流态化动力学特征的主导因素，对其研究尤为重要。从结构产生演化的机制出发，概述结构影响曳力的机理，以模型构建流程的角度对结构和过滤两类模型进行总结，并重点综述过滤模型构建在提升准确性、有效性、通用性和考虑更多物理机制方面的最新进展。研究表明：提升模型通用性和考虑真实系统中更丰富的物理机制仍是建模中亟待解决的问题，结合结构演化机制理性建模和充分发挥机器学习数据分析处理优势或是曳力建模进一步发展的关键。

关键词: 两相流, 流态化, 介尺度结构, 曳力, 过滤模型

Abstract:

In gas-solid fluidized beds, spatiotemporal mutiscale structures caused by the intrinsic instability of gas-solid flows have a large impact on the interphase interaction. Predicting and controlling the hydrodynamic characteristics in fluidization remain a difficult task. To overcome this challenge, a constitution of the interphase interaction considering the effect of the inhomogeneous structures should be built. As a dominating factor in determining hydrodynamic characteristics of fluidization, the constitution of the mesoscale drag force attract increased attention in recent years. This paper briefly describes the effect of the inhomogeneous structures on the drag force, starting with the mechanisms of the generation and evolution of these structures. The filtered drag models are summarized from the perspective of modeling process. The developments of these models including improving the accuracy and effectivity, enhancing the generality for different material properties and flow regimes, and considering more physical mechanisms in actual systems have been reviewed. According to these studies, further work should be done to improve the generality and consider more physical mechanisms. Combining rational modeling of structural evolution mechanism and giving full play to the advantages of machine learning data analysis and processing is the key to the further development of drag modeling.

Key words: two-phase flow, fluidization, mesoscale structure, drag, filtered model

中图分类号:

TQ 021.1

蒋鸣, 周强. 气固流化床介尺度结构形成机制及过滤曳力模型研究进展[J]. 化工学报, 2022, 73(6): 2468-2485.

Ming JIANG, Qiang ZHOU. Progress on mechanisms of mesoscale structures and mesoscale drag model in gas-solid fluidized beds[J]. CIESC Journal, 2022, 73(6): 2468-2485.

图/表 6

图1 流态化系统中的时空多尺度结构[10]

Fig.1 Multiscale spatiotemporal structures in fluidization[10]

图2 均匀分布颗粒向鼓泡或团聚演化示意图

Fig.2 The evolution of bubble and cluster structures from homogeneous state

图3 固相压力平衡分析角度下的非均匀结构产生的影响机制[9]

Fig.3 The mechanisms of generating inhomogeneous structures from the view of balance analysis of solid pressure[9]

图4 低固含率条件下颗粒产生非均匀结构的影响机制

Fig.4 The mechanisms of generating inhomogeneous structures for dilute gas-solid systems

图5 介尺度曳力模型的两种建模类型

Fig.5 The two categories of mesoscale drag modeling

图6 过滤模型构建流程示意图

Fig.6 The modeling process of filtered model

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